應用於有機光電元件之剛硬共平面以及近紅外光分子之設計與合成

Abstract

近紅外光具有能夠穿透生物組織、在某些波段背景值低以及能應用於暗處等特性，因此可應用於生物顯影、光動力療法、人臉辨識和夜視鏡。有機光電元件由於其價格低廉、具可撓曲性以及重量輕等特性，充分顯示發展有機近紅外光電材料更能貼近各種領域的應用需求。 本論文的研究主軸，是利用設計不同構型以及引入不同芳香基團，以探討化學結構和物理性質甚至是相對應之元件表現之間的關係。其架構如下，第一章概略敘述有機芳香共軛系統之調控、近紅外光之應用以及有機太陽能電池之分子設計概述；第二章先說明多稠環共平面分子之策略及應用。接著，以兩種六稠環共平面核心 (PPTt and DTPTt) 為基底，探討核心以及其衍生物之光物理、電化學、熱性質和分子間排列情形，並比較兩種核心應用於有機場效電晶體之表現；第三章描述近紅外光吸收以及放光分子之設計及演進，並討論引入強缺電子基團 (NT 或 BBT) 對於分子光物理、電化學、熱性質和分子間排列情形之影響以及作為電子予體對於有機光伏打電池或者作為螢光材料應用於有機發光二極體之元件表現；第四章先敘述非富勒烯光伏打電池之優勢與分子設計策略，再探討四個能夠吸收近紅外光之電子受體的合成、光物理性質、電化學性質以及應用於有機非富勒烯光伏打電池之表現；第五章則對此論文之分子設計、性質以及元件結果作統整。

Near-Infrared (NIR) radiation has attracted attentions because of its potential applications in night-vision devices, sensors, communications, medical apparatus and optical imaging especially for bio-imaging in recent years. Moreover, organic optoelectronic devices possess advantages of low-cost, light weight and mechanical flexibility, which make them as promising candidates for developing NIR application. This dissertation describes the structure-property relationship and the correlations to the corresponding optoelectronic devices. Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction of the band-gap engineering of aromatic π-conjugated systems, applications of NIR radiation and molecular design for organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Chapter 2 describes strategies and applications of ladder-type coplanar materials. Moreover, the synthesis, physical properties, molecular packings and the performance in OFETs of two S,N-hexaacenes (PPTt and DTPTt) and their derivatives are also discussed. Chapter 3 describes design strategies of NIR absorbing and emitting molecules at first. Then, the synthesis, properties, and the device performance when utilized as electron donors in OPVs and as emitters in OLEDs of NT-based or BBT-based molecules are discussed. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis, physical properties and photovoltaic performance of four A-D-A-configured non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Chapter 5 summarizes the results in this dissertation.