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Title: | 台灣股票市場稅制改革建議之研究 A Tax Reform Proposal for the Taiwan Stock Market |
Authors: | Jyh Chang 張芷 |
Advisor: | 林世銘 |
Keyword: | 股票市場稅制,個人綜所稅,兩稅合一,租稅政策, Taxation of stock market,Individual income tax,Imputation tax system,Tax policy, |
Publication Year : | 2016 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 台灣股票市場稅制相當複雜與特殊,形成一個重要的議題。除了證交稅外,證所得稅三度從停徵、復徵、修正,到廢除;而股利所得則有2%(現行1.91%)的健保補充保費,以及納入個人綜所稅課徵;再者,財政健全方案調高個人綜所稅率最高級距到45%、兩稅合一全部扣抵改成一半扣抵、並對金融業課徵5%營業稅。
本文除了論述股票市場稅制的演變與影響外,還比較各國稅制與台灣的差異。由於台灣股市稅負有著國家財政與全民健保財政健全的考量,因此改革股市稅制的建議,不能僅著眼於降低投資人交易成本,還需要更全面性的思維。本文兼顧稅制的合理性與財政的健全性,提出下列對台灣股市稅制的建議:(1) 由於財政健全方案已有成效,建議個人綜所稅最高所得級距由45%調回至40%;(2) 營利事業最低稅負稅率由12 %調回至10%;(3) 健保補充保費逐步降低,直至解除對股利課補充保費;(4) 金融業並無進項稅額扣抵,建議未來十年內金融營業稅由5%調回2% 。至於恢復兩稅合一全額扣抵制或訂定20%為股利所得最高稅率,基於稅損太大 (每年分別約為338億元、460億元),須等財政健全或有新的稅收來源,才建議採行。 The tax system of the Taiwan stock market is both complicated and unique. As a few cases in point, over the last thirty years, Taiwan has three times oscillated back and forth between having a capital gains tax, and as of the time of writing, not having one. In addition, Taiwan levies a two-percent (currently 1.91%) premium on dividends to fund its national health insurance, along with which these dividends are subject to individual income tax. The government has also implemented a Robust Financial Administration System which includes a raise of the highest individual income tax rate from 40% to 45%; a slash from 100% to 50% of tax credits through an Imputation Tax System; and an increase in the financial industry’s gross sales tax rate from 2% to 5%. This thesis describes the changes and the impacts of this complicated tax system on the Taiwan stock market, and by way of comparison as well as examines the tax systems of a select group of countries. As the tax system governing the Taiwan stock market is an important source of support for both the national health insurance and the financial soundness of the government, thereby, any suggestions for improving the tax system relating to the stock market would rather encompass comprehensive thinking than reducing transaction costs of investors. Accordingly, this thesis aims to balance merely reduce the tax rationality and financial soundness, hence, we provide four suggestions: 1) considering the Robust Financial Administration System has been effective, we suggest reducing the highest individual income tax rate from 45% back to 40%; 2) the 2% (currently 1.91%) premium on dividends to fund National Health Insurance gradually be reduced to zero; 3) dropping the financial industry’s gross sales tax rate from 5% to 2% in 10 years (by 2025); 4) returning the alternative minimum tax rate from 12% to 10%. While some suggest a 100% of imputation tax credit through an Imputation System or establishing a maximum dividend tax rate of 20%, these proposals would result in yearly government tax losses of approximately NT$33.8 billion and NT$46 billion, Nevertheless, considering the significant of tax losses, it would be recommended to adopt the fore-mentioned proposals until the financial system soundness established or new sources of tax revenues introduced. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/76758 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201601089 |
Fulltext Rights: | 未授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 會計與管理決策組 |
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ntu-105-P03744012-1.pdf Restricted Access | 1.66 MB | Adobe PDF |
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