台灣東北角藻類採集模式與傳統生態智慧

Abstract

台灣東北角海岸線，西北至新北金山，東南至宜蘭頭城一帶，皆有利用、食用海藻的習慣，其採集模式可大致分為：(一)不使用現代化器具的小規模傳統採集；(二)使用水肺的大規模商業化採集。這兩種採集模式的執行者有各自的族裔背景。東北角族群組成複雜，不同族群帶有各自的傳統生態知識，現今有採集海藻行為的族群以下列兩者為主：(一)閩南族群；(二)從花蓮、台東一帶遷移至東北角的阿美(Amis)族群。透過「採集海藻」的活動，這兩大族群帶著各自的傳統生態知識在此交會。本文以此兩大族群以及兩種採集模式為中心，探討海藻採集活動的模式以及傳統生態知識，希望藉此能看出不同族群、知識在東北角採集海藻的場域如何互相交流，並試圖找出傳統生態知識與生物學對話的空間。

Along the North-East coast of Taiwan, from Jinshan to Touchan, it is common to gather and eat algae. The pattern of gathering can be classified into two types: 1. Traditional gathering without modern techniques; 2. Commercial gathering using scuba. People gathering algae have different ethnical backgrounds. The composition of ethnic groups in the North-East coast of Taiwan is complicated, and each of the groups has their own traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). The population gathering algae mainly consists of two ethnic groups: 1. Hoklo people; 2. Amis immigrants from Hualien and Taitung. Through the activities of gathering algae, the TEK of the two ethnic groups interflow with each other. On the two ethnic groups, this study aims to discuss the patterns of gathering algae and TEK, hoping to see how different people and knowledge communicate, and trying to find a way to integrate TEK and current biological knowledge.