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標題: | 農藥處理對大荳生長,固氮作用及化學組成的影響 The Effects of the Treatment of Pesticides on the Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Chemical Composition of Soybean |
作者: | Ming-tsy Liu 劉明慈 |
出版年 : | 1979 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 以兩種殺草劑「大克草」和「拉草」以及一種殺蟲劑「賽滅得」處理大豆均會造成固氮活性降低,這是因為農藥處理後減少了土壤中根瘤菌的群落及活性,同時抑制了植物根部的生長,減少了根瘤的形成而造成的。 以不同濃度之農藥處理時,單位根瘤的固氮活性也隨著改變;以低濃度的「大克草」處理時根瘤的固氮活性有被促進的現象,當濃度提高到1000ppm以上時其活性則被抑制。但是以「拉草」處理植株於低濃度時可強烈抑制根瘤的固氮活性,而當濃度提高時抑制力反而減弱。這可能因不同濃度的.「大克草」及「拉草」可能亦具有類似植物荷爾蒙之激素作用,因濃度不同而對植物具不同程度之促進或抑制的功能。另外可能低濃度的「大克草」或高濃度的「拉草」可誘導植物根部產生某種特殊的酵素將此二者加以分解,並將分解所得的產物作為根瘤固氮作用所需的能源。 比較「大克草」、「拉草」及「賽滅得」三種農藥對大豆生長、固氮活性及植物體內蛋白質、胺基酸、糖等有機物含量的影響,可發現「拉草」的抑制力最大,而「大克草」及「賽滅得」的抑制力則較弱,亦即大豆對「大克草」及「賽滅得」的抗性較強,若不考慮實際施用於耕地時之除草及防蟲效果,「大克草」比「拉草」適用於大豆田的除草,而「賽滅得」也是適當的殺蟲劑。 After the treatments of Dacthal and Lasso herbicides), or Thimet (insecticide), the nitrogen fixing activity of soybean plant is inhibited, because the population and the activity of Rhizobium in the soil are decreased and the growth of Plant root is retarded. The nodular nitrogen fixing activity is varied with the changes of concentration of pesticides. The nitrogen fixing activity is enhanced while the plants are treated with low concentrations of Dacthal, but the activity is inhibited when the concentration increased to 1,000 ppm. On the contrary, low concentration of Lasso has an inhibitory effect on the nodular activity, and high concentrations of it decline the inhibitory effect. The Dacthal and Lasso act as plant growth regulators, i.e.plants have different levels of responses to the different kinds and concentrations of chemicals used. Besides, Dacthal at low concentration or Lasso at high concentration may induce the root of plant to synthesis or activate some special inducible enzymes to decompose Dacthal or Lasso and their products serve as an energy source for nitrogen fixation. To compare the influences of Dacthal, Lasso and Thimet to the plant growth, nitrogen fixing activity and the contents of some organic substances such as protein, free amino acids and soluble sugar in soybean plant, Lasso is a stronger inhibitor, but Dacthal and Thimet are weaker ones. In other words, the soybean plant is less sensitive to the treatments of Dacthal and Thimet. Therefore, Dacthal is better than Lasso to be chosen as a herbicide and Thimet is a suitable insecticide in the pest-control of soybean plant. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/76201 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物科學研究所 |
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