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標題: | 臺灣?韌革菌科之研究及分子分類學之探討 The Stereaceae from Taiwan and their molecular taxonomy |
作者: | Yi-Fang Lin 林義方 |
出版年 : | 1992 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 自全島各地區採集韌革菌科(Stereaceae Pilate)及相近屬之標本,經鑑定為Stereum ostrae, S. gausapatum. S. sanguinolentum, S. striatum, S. rugosum, S. taxodii, Xylobolus spectabile, X. frustulatus. X. princeps, Lopharia cinerascens, Aleurodiscus mirabilis, Laxitextum bicolor, Chondrostereum purpureum, Veluticeps berkeleyi共計7屬14種,臺灣?Stereaceae鑑定為Stereum, ostrea, S. gausapatum, S. striatum, S. rugosum, Xylobolus spectabile, X. frustulatus, X. princeps, Lopharia cinerascens.以照片或繪圖?明形態特徵.其中6屬14種株菌株萃取DNA,以Saccharomyces cerevisiae的rDNA被EcoR I水解後A段(2846 bp)和C段(1941 bp)為探針,作RFLP圖譜,所得基因片段,配合個人電腦統計程式(NTSYS)的UPGMA進行群聚分析(cluster analysis),探討各屬的親緣關係.結果顯示 1)以rDNA為探針的RFLP圖譜可發現種內多形性. 2)RFLP的群聚分析樹狀圖符合形態分類之結果,例如Stereum與Xylobolus是相近屬,但其他屬在本科內均有商榷之必要. 3)由相似性矩陣可推論,Aleurodiscus與Xylobolus都有amyloid孢子和刺狀側絲(acanthophyses),在親緣上是有相關. 4)Stereum屬種內相似性係數低顯示基因不?定,該屬的核行為是較原始型共同多核,形成多扣子體,是否因而基因不?定,使得相似性係數低,有待再證實. The Stereaceae Pilat (Aphyllophorales, Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycotina) and allied genera of Taiwan has been studied through the field survey. The following 14 species belong to 7 genera were recognized; Stereum ostrea (Blume & Nees: Fr.) Fr., S. gausapatum (Fr.) Fr., S. sanguinolentum (Alb. & Schw: Fr.) Fr., S. striatum (Fr,) Fr., S. rugosum (Pers.: Fr,) Fr., S. taxodii Lentz & McKay, Xylobolus spectabile (K1,) Boid., X. frustulatus (Pers.: Fr) Boid., X. princeps (Jungh.) Lev., Lopharia cinerascens (Schw.) Cunn., Aleurodiscus mirabilis (Berk. & Curt.) Hoeh., Laxitextum bicolor (Pers.: Fr.) Lentz, Chondrostereum purpureum (Fr.). Pouz. and Veluticeps berkeleyi (Berk & Curt.) Cooke. In the present paper, the following eleven species accecpted as members of Stereaceae: Stereum ostrea, S. gausapatum, S. sanguinolentum, S. striatum, S. rugosum, S. taxodii, Xylobolus spectabile, X. frustulatus, X. princeps, Lopharia cinerascens, and Veluticeps berkeleyi. The genome DNA from 3 Stereum ostrea, 2 S. gausapatum, 5 Xylobolus spectabile, 1 Aleurodiscus miribilis, 1 Cymatoderma lamellatum, 1 Lopharia cinerascens, 1 Laxitextum bicolor, 1 Chondrostereum purpureum, isolates were examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Whole-cell DNA from those isolates were digested with BamH I, Bgl II, EcoR I, EcoR V, Hind III, Pst I, Pvu II, Xab I and hybridized in Southern hybridization with cloned ribosomal DNA fragments from Secharomyces cerevisiae (probe A, 2846 bp: probe C. 1941 bp). An analytical result of restriction fragment length polymorphism indicates that 1) RFLP of rDNA repeating units by rDNA probes can be used as an additional taxonmic character for detecting intraspecific varations; 2) Stereum Hill: Pers. and Xylobolus Karst. are closely related genera based upon the result of cluster analysis; 3) Similarity coefficient of Aleurodiscus and Xylobolus indicate that probably they came from the same ancester in evolution. Morphologically both genera have acanthophysis and amyloid spores; 4) Low degree of similarity of Stereum species may be related to their primitive nuclear behavior (i.e., homocoenocytic condition, verticilate clamp, homothallism etc.) as well as genomic instablility. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75895 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 植物科學研究所 |
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