多階層責任保險下溢額保險人與主要保險人間關係之研究

Abstract

在多階層責任保險契約下，由於被保險人為同一人，但有不同之責任保險人，責任保險人們依各契約所約定之不同保險金額範圍負責，因此，當保險事故發生後，應如何看待各責任保險人應負擔之責任，責任保險人之間是否有互相負有權利義務關係之存在，特別是關於個保險人對被保險人之保險責任何時啟動、責任保險人應如何依契約負擔抗辯費用、若有和解的情形下應如何看待各責任保險人的地位和權利義務、保險人間之衝突應如何解決，均為問題。由於我國現行之溢額責任保險契約多為外商保險公司自美國引進，並且溢額責任保險契約在美國已行之有年，因此本文將透過對美國在溢額責任保險契約之操作經驗進行觀察，對比我國現行保險法之規定，觀察美國之經驗在我國法下是否會出現不同之問題，並討論該問題應如何以符合我國法規定之方式進行解決。

In multiple layers of liability insurance policies , insured would be the same person , while there are different insurers ,and every insurer takes his/her own responsibilities according to the coverage which is ruled in the contract . Hence , how to distribute insurers’ duty , is there any right and obligation exist between primary insurer and excess insurer ,especially when to trigger of the coverage, how to allocate the defense costs, insurers’ rights and positions in settlements negotiation, insurers’ interest conflicts, are problems . Since most of the excess liability insurance policies in Taiwan are introduced from the United States and written in english , this thesis is going to study the development of excess liability insurance in the United States , and to discuss the relationship between primary liability insurer and excess liability insurer and the questions when appling Taiwanese insurance law . In the end , this thesis will try to answer the questions by illustrating Taiwanese insurance law .