勞動條件與飲酒成癮傾向之相關性

Abstract

背景：台灣勞工在大環境的改變下身心壓力攀升，飲酒成為勞工紓解壓力的方式之一，而酒精性提神飲料的消耗量增加以及危害性飲酒會增加職業傷害和疾病的風險。本研究以工作班別、契約關係及給薪方式等勞動條件作為研究方向，探討台灣勞工其勞動條件與飲酒成癮傾向的關係。 方法：本研究以「96年及99年勞委會工作環境安全衛生狀況認知調查」的問卷結果作為分析資料，研究樣本為全國年滿18歲以上至65歲以下之人口，以中文版的華人酒癮問題篩檢問卷(C-CAGE)作為測量工具，以邏輯斯迴歸分析勞動條件與飲酒成癮傾向的關係。 結果：有飲酒成癮傾向者在人口學變項分布中存在性別差異，男性較女性為多。而勞動條件與飲酒成癮傾向之間有顯著相關，尤其是在工作班別的部分，發現「固定班別」者相較於其他班別，「固定班別」較容易有飲酒成癮的傾向；而契約關係中，相較於不定期契約，「定期契約」及「派遣契約」者較容易有飲酒成癮的傾向；而給薪方式對於飲酒成癮的傾向則沒有任何影響。工作壓力越大者，其飲酒成癮的傾向就越大。 結論：勞動條件中的工作班別、契約關係與飲酒成癮傾向有關，且性別、工作壓力也與飲酒成癮傾向有關，以上勞動條件與飲酒成癮傾向的相關性值得進一步思考，如何給予勞工適當的相關飲酒知識及衛教，減少因不當飲酒而發展成酒精成癮的可能。

Taiwanese workers have increased their physical and mental pressures under the changing environment. Drinking alcohol has become one of how workers can relieve stress. The increased consumption of alcoholic energy drinks and harmful drinking will increase the risk of occupational injuries and diseases. This study takes the working conditions such as working shift, contractual relationship, and payment status as the research direction, and explores the relationship between Taiwan workers' working conditions and the propensity for alcohol addiction. This study used the results of the questionnaire survey on the 'Survey of Perceptions of Safety and Health in the Work Environment of the Labor Council in 2007 and 2010' as the analysis data. The study sample was for the working population aged 18 or above to 65 years old. The Alcohol Addiction Questionnaire: Cut down, Annoyance, Guilt, Eye-opener (C-CAGE) was used as a measurement tool to analyze the relationship between working conditions and the propensity for alcohol addiction by logistic regression. There were gender differences in the distribution of demographic variables in people with the propensity for alcohol addiction and more men than women. There is a significant correlation between working conditions and the propensity for alcohol addiction. Especially in the working shift, it is found that the 'fixed shift' is more likely to tend to Alcoholic addiction than the other categories. In the contractual relationship, compared with the permanent contract, the 'Fixed-term contract' and 'dispatch contract' are more likely the propensity of alcohol addiction; and the payment status does not affect that the propensity of alcohol addiction. The higher work stress, the greater the propensity for alcohol addiction. The working shift and contractual relationship in working conditions are related to the propensity for alcohol addiction, and gender and work stress are also associated with it. The correlation between working conditions and the propensity for alcohol addiction is worth to think further. It is proper to give workers drinking knowledge and health education.