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Title: | 中唐政論文中的禮、法問題--以白居易為例 Ritual and Law in Political Discourse in Mid-Tang China: The Case of Bai Juyi |
Authors: | Chi-Sheng Wang 王齊聖 |
Advisor: | 陳弱水 |
Keyword: | 禮,法,政論文,白居易,《策林》,《百道判》, Ritual,Law,political discourse,Bai Juyi,Ce Lin (Forest of Dissertations),Baidao Pan (A Hundred Articles of Decisions), |
Publication Year : | 2019 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 禮與法是傳統中國社會中非常重要的規範,也是中國政治思想中非常重要的觀念。在中唐時期(755-840),中央政府歷經安史之亂後,如何重新應用規範以恢復既有的政治秩序,是非常重要的課題。過往論及唐代政治中的禮與法時,研究者多自「法制史」或「禮制史」的面向切入;筆者則期待轉換視角至思想史的領域,提出以下兩個問題:中唐時期,禮與法如何應用於統治之中?中唐士人的禮、法觀為何?
欲回答上述兩個問題,本文以白居易為個案,並以「語境主義」(Contextualism)研究方法為主,將白居易的政論文區分為兩部分:其一,屬於他早期應科目選與制舉時所撰寫的作品,以《策林》及《百道判》為主要代表;其二,則為其他個人著作。前者因鑲嵌於科舉制度之中,大致能反映出主流且帶有政治正確色彩的觀點;後者則較具備白居易論政的個人特色。將這兩個部分整合分析,我們大致能夠推測中唐時期禮、法思想的可能情況。 研究結果顯示,在中唐時期,掌握禮與法應用的「隨時之宜」,比起禮、法的思想意涵更為重要。再者,政論文中更強調,禮與法皆具維繫國家倫理秩序的重要功能。我們也會發現,禮的政治與社會角色,遠比內省與自我修身更加關鍵。這意味著當時的知識社群,最關心規範於現實政治生活中的應用,白居易也深受影響。因此,他透過論述禮、法,表達欲鞏固以唐中央政府為核心的政治秩序,並提倡以禮、法作為約束藩鎮的主要手段。 經本論文探研,我們對中唐政論文中,禮、法思想有了更清楚的認識;同時也能更詳細的理解,九世紀初期的士人群體,思考禮法問題的可能型態。 Rtual and Law were important social regulations in traditional Chinese society, and they were also essential ideas in Chinese political thoughts. In Mid-Tang dynasty (755-840), after the An Lushan rebellion, utilizing social regulations to rebuild the order of the state became a crucial issue. Until recently, most of the previous research on the Ritual and Law of the Tang government mostly study the problem from the perspectives of legal or ritual history; however, this thesis would adopt the perspective of the history of thought and look into two questions: in Mid-Tang China, how were Ritual and Law used to govern the Empire? What were the contemporary intellectuals’ ideas of Ritual and Law? To answer these questions, this thesis chose Bai Juyi as a representative, for his political discourses were popular in both the intellectual circle and the government. The main approach of the thesis is “Contextualism,” and accordingly Bai's political essays were classified into two kinds. The first kind, which includes Ce Lin and Baidao Pan, was written in his early age when he was preparing for the imperial examination and election, and the second kind consisted of individual treatises written throughout the rest of his life. The former roughly reflected the mainstream political view of Bai’s time and were more politically correct, while the latter revealed more of his personal ideas. Through a thorough analysis of these two kinds of essays, this thesis attempts to throw light on the concepts of Ritual and Law in Mid-Tang dynasty. As the results show, in Mid-Tang China, the appropriate application of Ritual and Law was seen as more important than their philosophical meanings. In addition, Bai’s political essays argue that Ritual and Law played a crucial role in maintaining the ethics and order of the state. Also, the political and social functions of Ritual were far more important than its function to induce self-cultivation and introspection. This means that, to Mid-Tang intellectuals, the most important thing is the application of social regulations to real-life politics, and Bai’s thoughts were no different from the trend. Consequently, in his essays, Bai championed Ritual and Law as ways to consolidate the political authority of the Tang central government and to constrain the power of military commissioners (Fan Zhen). In summary, this thesis not only expands our vision of Ritual and Law in political discourses in Mid-Tang dynasty but also helps us examine more carefully how Ritual and Law may be held by the intellectuals in the early ninth century. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/74507 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201901263 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 政治學系 |
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