世界人口紅利:經濟和財務比較

Abstract

Demographic dividend is a topic that is increasing relevance in today’s world. Different countries go through demographic transition in different time. If the country can seize the demographic dividend opportunity by improving population quality of life, giving universal education and applying pro-development policies, until the end of the demographic transition, the country will have enjoyed the benefit of growth and improvement. This paper divides the world into 13 cluster, using a historical age structure. Each cluster have a different type of age structure, most of the countries in Africa are still in the earlier stages of the demographic transition than the rest of the world, and most of the countries from eastern Europe are already in the last stage of the demographic transition, with the decrease of the population. Many of the countries from America, Asia and Oceania are going through the demographic transition in different stages. Using statistical analysis on economic indicator it's possible to conclude that demographic dividend does generate economic growth however growth level is related to each country's internal factor rather than the stage of demographic transition. Moreover, through statistical analysis on financial indicator it's possible to conclude that country’s financial market has higher influence from external factor rather than the stage of the country's demographic transition. Finally, countries approaching the end of the window opportunity should embrace the demographic bonus and implement changes needed to develop their countries and those in earlier stage should learn from the others and best seize the demographic transition window opportunity.