居家臥室汙染源利用狹長側向排氣系統換氣效益之探討

Abstract

研究指出人類在各種社會、生活以及生產活動中，約有80%-90%的時間是在室內環境中度過。因此，室內空氣品質直接影響著人們的身體健康。若室內污染物不能及時排除，將導致室內空氣品質不佳，居住者可能會染上各種病態建築綜合症，並且發現通風的改善與是否得到病態建築綜合症有高度相關，從流行病學研究也發現，通氣量的改善可以順利降低二氧化碳濃度，並藉此改善氣喘或是過敏等呼吸道疾病。 本研究根據ASHRAE_62.1,62.2與我國規範的「室內空氣品質管理法」，希望完成屬於居家的室內空氣品質改善方針，此方針希望可以解決目前大部分家庭空氣品質不佳的狀況。研究範圍以台灣地區住宅為基礎，實地採樣並且利用計算流體力學(CFD)的方式，以探討二氧化碳濃度與其他空氣品質指標為主，去歸納適合各種住宅的通風方針，並提出較完整的居家通風改善策略。 本實驗藉由室內空氣品質與流體流動的相關性做改善設計，利用在臥室裝置排氣裝置，控制整體流場流動方向，並運用計算流體力學方式研究，使整體通風的平均二氧化碳濃度達到1000 ppm以內的範圍，並且使人體活動的範圍可以達到二氧化碳濃度600 ppm以下，甚至更低，並且不需要加大抽風量而達到節能的效果。 不同於以往單純加大流量的方式，而是採用更節能省電的排氣設備與通風策略，同時兼顧綠建築的概念與良好空氣品質為主要目標，進而歸納出一套適用於大部分居住環境的通風改善方式，而改善大部分住宅內的室內空氣品質。

In the past researches, people spend more than 80% of their time indoors. However, we live in the space with poor indoor air quality, that makes us get some symptoms like respiratory symptoms, asthma and allergy symptoms. Therefore, the indoor air quality directly affects people's health. In the study, the research area is mainly based in Taipei, Taiwan. The methods used in this study primarily involved of air-sampling stations were set up in a central indoor and outdoor location at each residence. On the other hand, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to establish ventilation strategy that’s suitable for most of the residential area. In the study, the mainly contains the carbon dioxide concentration and the indoor air quality indicators in Taiwan. In the past, it was found that the simple calculation of air change rate per hour (ACH) through the amount of exhaust air what can achieve the indoor air quality improvement, but to increase more energy consumption. Thus, we investigated that the correlation between indoor air quality and thermal comfort. We set a suction flow at the bedside to the bedroom. Through the control of air flow movement, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration was in the range of 1000 ppm in the general ventilation system equation when a mannequin was installed on the bed with continuous CO2 generation, but the area of human activities where CO2 concentration is lower than 600 ppm even lower than 500 ppm. It doesn’t increase air Change rate per Hour and more energy consumption to achieve indoor air quality and thermal comfort improvement