智慧型能源管理機最佳控制策略之研究

Abstract

全球暖化議題已成為全世界所關注之焦點，許多學者也對再生能源研究領域投以高度重視，著眼於此，本研究配合政府提倡之節能減碳政策，建構一智慧型能源管理機 (Smart Energy Management Device，簡稱SEMD)，期能在節能下滿足一般家庭之民生需求。其作法源自熱泵技術之啟發，透過SEMD同時提供家庭民生所需之熱能與冷能，另外也設計一熱冷能回收系統以降低能源之損失。本論文特別針對SEMD進行最佳化探討，希望使能源損失與運轉成本降至最低，其作法為求得SEMD之熱能方程式，並利用粒子族群演算法 (Particle Swarm Optimization，簡稱PSO)求取系統之最佳控制策略及運轉成效，最後透過數值模擬獲得最佳控制策略及系統之最低生命週期成本。本研究建構的SEMD系統其水槽容積與系統功率之最佳設計分別為1千公升與10千瓦，而PSO控制策略相較於一般控制策略則可節省約28.82%之生命週期成本。

The issue of global warming has become an imperative concern to the world. Many researchers attach great importance on renewable energy issues. In conjunction with Taiwan’s government policy about saving energy and reducing carbon emission, a Smart Energy Management Device (SEMD) is proposed in this study. The intention of the SEMD design is to fulfill the energy demands of household appliances. Inspired from heat pump technology, the SEMD is designed not only to provide heat energy but also cold energy for household appliances. In this system, heat and cold energy recovery subsystems are constructed simultaneously to reduce the loss of energy. The focus of this study is to investigate and optimize the performance of the SEMD system in order to minimize the power consumption and achieve minimum operating costs. To this end, heat energy equations of the system are derived and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is applied to find an optimal operating control strategy for the system. The minimum life cycle cost of the system can be achieved accordingly. It is found through numerical examples and demonstration, the most decent design of water storage and system capacity for the SEMD is 1000 L and 10 kW respectively. The life cycle cost after applying the control strategy based on PSO can save 28.82% in comparison with the ordinary control strategy. This research can improve the overall economic efficiency of the SEMD system and provide a reference point for manufacturers to create new solutions in the field of heat pump systems engineering.