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標題: | 生技醫藥產業併購與競爭法問題之研究 A Study on Mergers & Acquisitions and Competition Law Issues of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries |
作者: | Kai-Chiang Tung 董凱強 |
指導教授: | 黃銘傑 |
關鍵字: | 競爭力,併購,生技醫藥產業,競爭法,結合管制, Competitiveness,Mergers and Acquisitions,Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industries,Competition Law,Merger Control, |
出版年 : | 2018 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 我國生技醫藥產業之廠商規模小,在國際上難有競爭力。因此,政府有意促使生技醫藥產業相關廠商進行合作、加強組織聯盟,特別是以籌組所謂『國家隊』的方式來作為其產業政策。我國生技醫藥產業倘透過併購策略,其可能改善企業績效,進而提升整體產業在國際上的競爭力。然而,併購也可能導致市場結構的改變,而有限制競爭之虞。競爭政策和產業政策間可能存在衝突。本文的重心即在研究如何調和其中的衝突,以及我國生技醫藥產業併購活動可能產生的組織法與競爭法適用問題。
根據我國公平交易法,任何併購案只要符合一定的要件門檻,就必須事先向公平會提出結合申報。然而,我國公平會對於相關市場界定之處理原則有太多抽象性的規定,導致事業結合時,無法針對產品或服務確切界定市場範圍,企業難以進行遵循。再者,目前亦無相關公開的藥品相關市場界定判斷基準,公平會應可研擬公告較明確的判斷基準或原則,以利企業之法律遵循。 而現階段由於我國生技醫藥產業之廠商規模尚小,併購幾乎未達結合申報門檻。然而,未來仍有可能達到申報門檻。考量因併購所帶來的綜效以及對於國際競爭力的提升,其對於國家整體經濟利益有極高之可能大於限制競爭的不利益。此外,因我國健保藥品核價制度的介入,結合所可能產生的藥品限制競爭情況,亦可獲得適當控制。因此,在結合管制的審查上,公平會應可採較寬鬆之審查標準,不禁止事業結合。 The scale of enterprises in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in Taiwan is too small to have competitiveness in the world. As a result, the government intends to promote cooperation and strengthen the alliance in the industries as its industrial policy, in particularly, to create a “national champion”. As a popular strategy, mergers and acquisitions may improve enterprises’ performance and thus increase competitiveness in the international market. However, mergers and acquisitions may also cause the rearrangement of market structure, resulting in competition restraints. There may be a conflict between competition policy and industrial policy. Therefore, this study focuses on harmonizing the conflict thereof as well as to investigate the application of the organic law and completion law in the mergers and acquisitions activities in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in Taiwan. According to the Fair Trade Act, any merger which crosses a certain threshold shall be filed with the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) in advance. However, there are ambiguities in the Principles for the Treatment of Relevant Market Definitions issued by FTC, resulting in the failing of compliance with applicable laws and regulations by the enterprises of merger. There is also no published guideline for the relevant market definitions of pharmaceuticals. FTC may consider issuing the guideline so as to help enterprises in pharmaceutical industry to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The scale of enterprises in biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in Taiwan at present is so small that any merger of enterprises may hardly crosses the defined threshold to file with FTC. However, the enterprises of merger may need to file with FTC in the future. Considering the synergy of mergers and acquisitions and the improvement of competitiveness in the world, there is a strong possibility that the overall economic benefit of merger outweighs the disadvantages resulted from competition restraint. Besides, the competition restraint in pharmaceuticals can be controlled owing to the drug pricing system of National Health Insurance in Taiwan. Therefore, FTC may not prohibit the mergers and keep lax in the merger control practice. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70523 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201803132 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 事業經營法務碩士在職學位學程 |
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