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標題: | 桃蚜及豌豆蚜在油菜及蠶豆上的取食行為及發育表現 Feeding behavior and performance of Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum on rape and faba bean |
作者: | Yi-Syuan Jhou 周易萱 |
指導教授: | 蔡志偉(Chi-Wei Tsai) |
關鍵字: | 桃蚜,豌豆蚜,寄主,表現,取食行為, Myzus persicae,Acyrthosiphon pisum,host plant,performance,probing behavior, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 蚜蟲是世界上知名取食韌皮部的害蟲。桃蚜 (Myzus persicae) 是廣食性蚜蟲,主要取食十字花科、茄科以及豆科植物。豌豆蚜 (Acyrthosiphon pisum) 則是專食性蚜蟲,主要取食豆科植物。本研究探討桃蚜及豌豆蚜在油菜 (Brassica campestris) 及蠶豆 (Vicia faba) 的表現及取食行為,以留存數、體重及發育時間評估兩種蚜蟲在兩種植物上的表現,昆蟲刺探電位圖譜 (electrical penetration graph, EPG) 則用以監測蚜蟲成蟲取食油菜及蠶豆的取食行為。結果顯示相較於飼養於油菜的桃蚜,飼養於蠶豆的桃蚜偏好性較低、存活率較低、體重較輕及發育時間較長。相較於飼養於蠶豆的豌豆蚜,飼養於油菜豌豆蚜偏好性較低、存活率較低。因豌豆蚜飼養於油菜的留存數較少,其體重及發育時間無法取得。相比於取食油菜的桃蚜,桃蚜取食蠶豆時呈現較長的非刺吸時間、較久的路徑階段 (pathway) 及從第一次刺吸到第一次分泌唾液至韌皮部的時間較長,吸食韌皮部汁液時間則較短。同時,桃蚜取食蠶豆時呈現較多的刺吸次數,分泌唾液伴隨吸食韌皮部汁液的次數較少及吸食韌皮部汁液的比例較少。桃蚜取食油菜於第一個小時即開始吸食韌皮部汁液,較少非刺吸及路徑階段波形比例;相較於取食蠶豆大多呈現路徑階段波形,韌皮部活動比例則較少。相比於取食蠶豆,豌豆蚜取食油菜呈現較長的非刺吸時間及較短的路徑階段時間。豌豆蚜於油菜並無韌皮部活動,亦無取食韌皮部汁液。大多的豌豆蚜沒有刺吸油菜;相較於蠶豆,豌豆蚜吸食韌皮部汁液的比例隨著監測時間增加而提升。本實驗結果證明蠶豆為桃蚜的非偏好寄主,油菜則為偏好寄主。蠶豆為豌豆蚜的偏好寄主,而豌豆蚜則拒絕取食非寄主—油菜。本研究成果可能有助於間作作物的選擇,用以防止蚜蟲媒介之非持續性病毒的傳播,以及提供在不同作物上防治蚜蟲的建議。 Aphid is a well-known phloem-feeding pest worldwide. Myzus persicae is a notorious generalist aphid which mainly feeds on families Brassicaceae, Solanaceae and Fabaceae. Acyrthosiphon pisum is known as a specialist aphid which mainly feeds on family Fabaceae. In this study, the performance and feeding behavior of M. persicae and A. pisum were examined on rape (Brassica campestris) and faba bean (Vicia faba). The survival rate, body weight, and developmental time were evaluated to assess the performance of both aphid species on these two plants. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) was used to monitor the feeding behavior of them fed on rape and faba bean. The results showed M. persicae reared on faba bean had lower preference, lower survival rate, lower body weight, and longer developmental time than those of aphids reared on rape. Acyrthosiphon pisum reared on rape had lower preference, and lower survival rate than that of aphids reared on faba bean. Because none of A. pisum was alive on rape, its body weight and development time were not applicable. Myzus persicae started to ingest phloem sap of rape at the first hour, performing less proportion of non-probe and pathway on rape, on the contrary M. persicae performed majority of pathway on faba bean with less proportion of phloem phase activities. Comparing to feeding on faba bean, A. pisum performed longer non-probe duration and shorter duration of pathway on rape. None of A. pisum performed phloem phase activity on rape, and no aphid reached phloem sap ingestion. Majority of A. pisum remained non-probe on rape, contrary to fed on rape, proportion of phloem sap ingestion of A. pisum fed on faba bean increased with time. The results demonstrated that faba bean is a non-preferred host of M. persicae comparing with rape as a preferred host. Faba bean is a preferred host of A. pisum, whereas the aphid refused to feed on rape, a non-host. The results can assist the choice of intercropping to prevent the transmission of aphid-borne non-persistently transmitted viruses and provide suggestions for the control of aphid on different crops. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/69749 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202003908 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 昆蟲學系 |
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