飼料中添加不同來源之脂質在不同溫度對菊池氏細鯽成長之影響

Abstract

菊池氏細鯽Aphyocypris kikuchii (Oshima, 1919)為台灣特有種，原主要分布範圍於宜、花、東部三縣當中，屬於初級淡水小型的鯉科魚類，其食性為雜食性，由於體型優美，因此兼具生態與觀賞價值，近年來棲地的遭到人為的破壞及環境污染問題，或因食用、釣餌以及觀賞需求而遭受捕撈，使其族群數量與分布範圍逐漸縮小而逐漸成為罕見魚種，目前希望透過人工飼養方式進行復育，但是尚未有對飼養於不同溫度最適的n6/n3脂肪酸需求之研究。 本實驗主要是在菊池氏細鯽飼料中含30%魚粉5%大豆油及魚油比例為3:2之對照組及零魚粉飼料配方添加大豆油及魚油比例為3:2、大豆油(Soybean oil)、魚油(Fish oil) 及牛油(Tallow)各7%之實驗組。菊池氏細鯽平均重為0.32±0.01g進行6週的飼養，初步結果20℃及25℃兩種溫度下飼料中含魚粉30%及使用零魚粉飼料的大豆油及魚油3:2混合比例的增重率及飼料效率最好。添加7%牛油組則較添加7%大豆油或添加7%魚油組之增重率及飼料效率為佳。結果顯示將菊池氏細鯽飼養於20℃較25℃為適合溫度，使用零魚粉飼料的油脂添加效果以大豆油及魚油3:2混合比例為最佳。

Kikuchii minnow (Aphyocypris kikuchii. Oshima, 1919), is a native fresh water species in Taiwan and mainly distribute in I-Lan, Hua-Lian and Taitung county. Due to they have beautiful shape and both to have ecological and ornamental value, the habitat has been suffering artificial destruction and environmental pollution. By caught since the demanding of food therefore the number of species and distribution area are shrinking gradually and became a problem. Nowadays we need develop an artificial diet and raising process, but the best n6/n3 essential fatty acid (EFA) research in different temperature was not yet discovered. This experiment generally is in five groups of diets containing control group with 30% fish meal and 0% fish meal, and add soybean oil, fish oil, tallow or soybean oil and fish oil ratio 3:2 separately with total 7% experiment groups. The average body weight were 0.32±0.01g and fed for 6 weeks. Results are diets containing 30% fish meal and 0% fish meal with soybean oil/fish oil ratio 3:2 mix has the best growth and feed efficiency. Result also indicated to raising Kikuchi minnow in 20℃ was better than in 25℃. In 0% fish meal diets containing soybean oil and fish oil ratio 3:2 was the best.