新型含多苯胺材料之合成及其電致變色元件之應用

Abstract

本論文分成五個章節，第一章為總體序論。第二章為高對比度雙極式電致變色元件之製備，此元件以小分子型的TPPA 及TPB 為變色中心的及紫精衍生物分別為陽極和陰極變色材料，讓陽極及陰極變色材料作為互相之電荷儲存基層，達到穩定及降低工作電壓的效果，並藉由三種材料在UV-Vis 吸收光譜上的互補，使可見光區吸收完全，達到全波段遮蔽之效果。第三章節是由第二章的部分單體所衍生出的聚醚類及其基本的電致變色性質探討。第四章也是對第二章的部分單體做官能基改質及改質厚的電致變色性質探討。此研究探討應用於光電元件中之電致變色材料的搭配及導電材料的製程改進，所製備出的雙極式電致變色元件在透明態時具有高度的透明性，而在著色態時展現可見光區全波段吸收的優異結果，並在長時間使用下仍具有良好的穩定性。在聚醚類的部分，這些高熱穩定性的高分子膜具備良好的電致變色性質。其多段變色都能夠回至基態且個個材料間的第一氧化電壓及第二氧化電壓都很接近，適合彼此之間做調色達到想要的結果。最後則是兩個由第二章單體改質後的新材料。這些材料的第一及第二氧化電壓相比改質前都低了許多且在可見光區都有更廣的吸收，在未來應用在黑色元件上，此兩種材料的表現會更受矚目。

This study has been separated into five chapters. Chapter 1 is the general introduction. Chapter 2 includes the synthesis of electrochromic materials (ECMs) and fabrication of high contrast electrochromic devices (ECDs). Chapter 3 includes five novel polyethers and their basic electrochromic properties. Chapter 4 includes two novel materials derived from the materials in chapter 2, TPPA and TPB and their basic electrochromic materials. The fabrication, basic characterization, electrochromic properties of a novel ECD was investigated and improved. The ECD combined three different kinds of ECMs, TPPA, TPB and HV. By introducing HV as an efficient charge trapping layer, the working voltage could be greatly reduced and the performance of overall system was also enhanced. The ECD without electrolyte exhibits ultra-high contrast from bleached state with transmittance in visible region up to 76% to colored state with transmittance only 1% both in visible region. High ΔL* (86) and ΔT (75% at visible light region) could be achieved by the colorless ECD. Thus, it could be claimed to be a truly “transparent-to-black” ECD, implying high potential of application as shutter for transparent displays and energy saving devices. In the next part, all the polyether films cast onto an indium-tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrate exhibited similar oxidation potential and the film also exhibited multi-color at different oxidation state and good reversibility. In the last part, two novel materials exhibited a lower working potential for the first and second oxidation states while the absorption area in the visible light region is broader the origin materials which may lead to better materials for the full absorption electrochromic device.