法屬越南的殖民政策與資本主義發展之分析

Abstract

法屬印度支那（French Indochina ，Indochine française，Đông Dương thuộc Pháp）是歐洲人與亞洲人的文化接從之地，文明衝突的標誌。不僅對於越南人或法國人而言法屬印度支那時期是一段特殊歷史階段，而對於全世界它也有一定歷史性、人文性價值。 筆者將運用歷史經濟學資料思考過去法屬越南資本經濟情況，對於這段特殊時期的研究並不罕見，在研究過程中發現資料被政權的不同目的而扭曲，殖民政府誇大統計數字為了宣傳殖民政策的效果，而被殖民觀點卻著重在剝削數據。筆者將從科學研究的角度去探討法國當局對土地、貨幣、稅制、農業經濟、工業經濟、貿易、基礎設施等領域的若干監督及發展政策，運用發展型國家理論對法屬越南的資本主義經濟作評估。 法國人帶給20世紀初的越南經濟社會久遠之影響，因此法屬越南經濟研究仍對越南經濟發展形勢的探索產生理解導向的作用。

French Indochina（Indochine française, Đông Dương thuộc Pháp） is a sign of the clash of Europeans and Asians culture. Not only for the Vietnamese or the French, the French Indochina period is a special historical stage, and for the whole world it has a certain historical, humanistic value. Through historical economics data, including the construction of methods for assessing the French Vietnam capital economic in the past. The study of this colonial period is not uncommon. In the researching, the information is distorted by the different purposes of the regime. On the one hand, it is possible to overstate the benefits of the colonial policies by the colonial government. On the other hand, the colonial focused on the exploitation data. From the perspective of scientific research, I will discuss the French colonial government’s economic development policy in the such of: land, currency, taxation system, agricultural economy, industrial economy, trade and infrastructure etc. Focus on the theory of developmental states to analyze the capitalization economy of French Vietnam. From the early 20th century, the Western influence in Vietnam economic and society has left more than a historical memory, so researching the French Vietnam capitalization period in the Vietnam economic is still play a guiding role.