美國援助與菲律賓民答那峨地區建設和平行動（2001-2016）

Abstract

本研究試圖理解2001年至2016年期間，美國援助計劃對菲律賓民答那峨地區建設和平行動之影響。在回顧援助有效性、建設和平行動、以及民答那峨地區衝突個案歷史背景後，筆者借助Barnett等人（2007）所提出的架構，將建設和平行動區分為「維持後衝突地區穩定」、「重建國家能力」、「建設經濟社會能力」等三個面向，接著針對三個面向分別建立一系列宏觀與微觀指標，並利用數據資料庫、結案報告、調查報告等資料檢證，探討美國在當地數個較具代表性的經濟及軍事援助計劃為這三個建設和平行動面向帶來的影響。根據這些成果，筆者認為美國援助對當地建設和平行動的影響是局部而有限的。藉由參照當地學者的研究成果，筆者討論了當地存在的「氏族軍閥與氏族政治」、「影子經濟活動」，以及「政府制度缺陷」等三個相互關聯的干擾性因素如何影響美國援助的建設和平成效。在本研究最後，筆者總結本研究之成果、研究貢獻、面臨的研究限制，並指出可能的相關未來研究方向。

This thesis endeavours to understand American foreign aid programmes and it effect on peacebuilding operations in Mindanao, the Philipphines, between 2001 and 2016. After reviewing relevant literature on aid effectiveness, peacebuilding, and the historical background of the conflicts in Mindanao, the author utilises the framework provided by Barnett er al (2007), distinguishing peacebuilding operations into three distinct dimensions; these are: stability creation, restoration of state institutions, and addressing the socioeconomic dimensions of conflict. The author then creates a series of macro- and microscopic indices for each dimension, then examines each with quantitative and qualitative data from sources, in an effort to comprehensively assess the impact of American aid programmes. In the end, the author considers the positive impact of American aid limited and partial; yet by revisiting literature by Philippine scholars, the author further argues that Mindanaoan warlord clans, shadow economy, as well as defects in state institutions are major intervening factors that diminish the effectiveness of foreign aid and further elongate conflicts in Mindanao. At the end of this paper, the author concludes the findings, contributions and limits of this research, and discusses future research possibilities.