需求反應式運輸服務適用環境之研究

Abstract

發展需求反應式運輸服務（Demand Responsive Transit Service, DRTS）所需考慮之面向甚多，包括社會經濟條件、人口組成、運輸需求特性、現有運輸供給等，而適用環境與相關條件之分析，將有助於在規劃階段協助檢視某一地區是否具有發展需求反應式運輸服務之潛力。本研究係針對傳統公車、需求反應式運輸服務與小汽車等三種運輸系統構建數學模式，同時在固定需求假設下以社會總成本最小化作為目標函數進行分析，以期瞭解不同環境下需求反應式運輸服務較具相對優勢的情況與需求門檻。研究中並以數值實例驗證模式之適用性，並對模式之參數進行敏感度分析。透過本研究建立之模式及分析結果，可在規劃階段評估需求反應式運輸服務適用之區域，並分析需求反應式運輸服務相對於傳統公車及小汽車在平均旅次成本之優勢。

For development of demand responsive transit service (DRTS), there are many influence factors such as social and economic condition, demographic composition, transportation demand characteristics and available transportation services. Analyzing the circumstance for application of DRTS is crucial to determine if a specific region has the potential to implement the new transportation system. In this study, mathematical models of conventional bus, DRTS and automobile are developed and used to analyze appropriate thresholds and circumstances for DRTS while minimum social total cost is considered as the objective function. Moreover, numerical examples are used to verify the applicability of model. Sensitive analysis has also been conducted to evaluate the effects of important parameters on the application environment for DRTS, such as demand density, value of time, and operating cost. Results of this study could help to identify in which circumstance DRTS is more preferable to automobile and conventional bus service in terms of demand density and other environment factors.