清代荀子文獻研究

Abstract

本文作為筆者碩士班研究的一個歷程，其目的在於釐清自己思考研究時的一些疑問而作。這些問題主要可分成兩大類：（1）時代的學術風氣對士人理解或評價《荀子》一書造成怎樣具體的影響？（2）清代學術特性該如何把握較為適切？為了解答心中的疑惑，筆者進一步閱讀清代學者的筆記和文集，舉凡《四庫全書續編》，《叢書集成續編》，以及北京學院出版社的《清代學術筆記叢刊》等套書，筆者皆下苦功紮紮實實的點校、閱讀，蒐羅出與《荀子》及其思想相關的文章來。這種研究進路一方面可以使筆者引用文獻時更為清晰、具體，另一方面，也使得筆者更能體會清代學者考據浩瀚古籍、斷簡殘篇的工作。經過第一章至第五章的分析，筆者得出如下的結論：（1）清代荀子文獻研究的議題乃是由宋明時期的荀子評價和清初「社群意識」興起的影響，並非是獨立形成的。（2）清代學者對荀子思想有不同的評價乃因其學風有所改換，甚至造成荀子學說核心價值的轉移。（3）清代學者對荀子思想的評價轉轉要透過考據文字表現，內容包括《荀子》文本的考據和荀子本身師承和生平的研究。（4）由清代荀子文獻研究可看出清儒重視「禮」、「經世」、「實踐」的學術特徵，更透顯出清儒的「社群意識」和經世情懷。

As a process of my study in the Master’s degree, this thesis is written to clear some questions. These questions include two types. One is what the influence of the style of study on the Qing scholarship in interpreting Xunzi’s text and thought is; and the other is how to interpret the characteristics of research in Qing dynasty. To seek the answers, I studied a great quantity of Qing scholarship’s corpuses, and look for the essays about Xunzi’s text and thought. This research technique can make the demonstrations more concrete and plentiful. On the other hand, because of this, I am more familiar with Qing scholarship’s jobs, which is the textual research in ancient books. With the research in chapter one to chapter five, I got some conclusions. First, the topics for discussion in Qing scholarship in interpreting Xunzi’s text and thought are affected by their predecessors. Second, because of the change of the style of study, Qing scholarship has altered their interpretation and evaluation in Xunzi’s text and thought. The alteration appeared through the words of textual research, which included the text “Xunzi” and Xunzi’s life. Finally, it appears style of study in Rituals, Social-Management, and practice in Qing dynasty, and the most important, the sense of community of Qing scholarship.