植體表面不同管徑奈米管對類骨細胞的影響

Abstract

人工牙根已成功地應用在患者缺牙區的治療上，但由於材料鈦金屬與骨結合仍須3至6個月的等待時間，對患者而言仍感到不便甚至痛苦 （尤其是全口無牙的情形）。因此，加速骨整合、縮短癒合時間已成為牙科生醫材料重要的目標; 這個目標便關係到植體表面與骨細胞之間的交互作用。為了研發出最適合骨細胞生長分化的界面，有些學者發現：不只是在微米領域中植體表面的粗糙度是影響的關鍵，在奈米領域中植體表面的型態對細胞的生長分化更有舉足輕重的影響。因此而研發出多種方法製造奈米級的特殊型態。其中一個方法便是利用陽極氧化電解法製造奈米管，此法具有精準、簡易、相對經濟的優點。本實驗使用此法製造不同管徑(10 nm、5o nm、100 nm)奈米管氧化鈦的植體表面，以未經電解處理之鈦金屬作為對照組，並利用體外培養的方式與類骨細胞共同培養，來探討兩者之間的作用關係，其中包括：貼附，增殖、礦化等作用。本實驗發現：類骨細胞的反應不同於其他幹細胞（MSC）的反應，以具有50 nm奈米管的鈦表面在不同的時間點上顯示出相對適宜類骨細胞貼附、礦化作用的結果，此有別於其他學者的研究結果。

Dental implants are successfully applied in the clinical field. Due to 3-6 months of healing time, the patients suffer from the care process so much. So, to enhance the osteointegration and to shorten the healing time become the aims to improve the dental care. The interaction between the implant and the bone tissue becomes the issue. Some researchers show that the roughness of the implant affects the fate of the cells not only in the micro-scale level but also in the nano-scale level. We look for the methods to fabricate the appropriate roughness in the nano-scale level which can enhance the osteointegration and shorten the healing time of the treatment .There are several ways to modify the Ti surface in the nano-scale level. Among of them, the anodic oxidation is one with the advantages of relative preciseness, simplicity and economic efficiency. So we fabricated various implant surface with different diameter nanotubes by the method of electrolytic anodic oxidation, and investigated the interaction of specimen and the osteoblast-like cell (MG63) during the co-culture each other in vitro. In our research, we found that MG-63 cells, a line derived from osteosarcoma, react differently from those stem cells mentioned by other researchers, and that 50 nm diameter nanotube of titanium surface is relatively the most appropriate one for the cells to differentiate and adhere compared with the other diameter nanotubes of Ti specimens.