債務不履之比較研究

Abstract

在不同國家民法上，雙方不履行合約時，使用兩種的原則包括嚴格責任原則（Strict liability ）和過錯责任原則（Fault principle ）解決問題。本論文主要研究，採取這兩原則分析以英美案例為例來比較蒙古國。 第一章主要內容，解釋嚴格責任原則與過錯责任原則，以及不履行合約和違法合約的各種案例。再來，第二章研究英美兩國目前法律上違反合約時，採用法規的嚴格責任原則。如何進行這種法、為什麼英美採取嚴格責任原則來分析。第三章主要探討，在法國及德國法律上使用的過錯责任原則和案例解釋。最後，蒙古國的法律如何進行使用這兩種原則，以及和法國、德國、英國和美國做比較研究。

One of the issues that arise from the contractual relationship is non-performance of the contract because there are always some risks that parties do not perform their contractual duties. This thesis includes two different types of non-performance of the contract from a comparative perspective: (i) strict liability and (ii) fault principle that dominant principles apply in most of the jurisdictions. Therefore, this paper will discuss how these principles apply to the common law and civil law system. The first chapter of this thesis will be a brief introduction part. The second chapter of this thesis will introduce different types of non-performance of the contract, such as the impossibility of contract, delay in contract, and incomplete performance. The third chapter will discuss fault principles as set forth in German and French law. The fourth chapter will start with the English and American law on strict liability for breach of contract and comparison of these principles. Here, I desire to seek the reason why these jurisdictions apply strict liability for breach of contract, how it is applied, and what situations are excluded. Further chapters will discuss the non-performance of the contract regulated in International law and will consider Mongolian contract law.