建築軀體工程碳排放管制及其運作初探-以台北市RC住宅為例

Abstract

為因應都市減碳之目標，探討如何在都市（計畫）層次，針對建築施工的開發強度與碳排放量進行相因應的管制方法與機制運作。當中利用各幢建築的總CO2 排放量、單位樓地板面積CO2 排放量、單位基地面積CO2 排放量，觀察每幢建築物主體與單位使用空間對環境的整體負荷情形，並再進一步迴歸到基地土地容受力的視角，來檢視建築物之生成對於基地土地的單位環境負荷量。再將溫室氣體減量所得之實質效益，有條件地反應到經由能源碳排放市場模式下的建築開發當中，目的在於讓有助提升環境品質的土地使用與建築型態能藉以得到實質效益上的挹注。 針對台北市RC構造住宅類建築之二氧化碳排放量進行年度統計，檢索台北市建管處登記之建築使用存根進行統計資料的建置，遴選90~94年共五年623幢的資料進行台北市RC構造住宅類建築之二氧化碳排放量統計，同時進行建築物碳排放量管制的情景模擬，其中排放基準量的設立參考現行建築物的個體二氧化碳排放量、單位樓地板面積二氧化碳排放量與單位基地面積二氧化碳排放量的平均值、中位量來分別與予設計。 據此探討建築施工階段的碳排標準，並藉以作為後續執行台灣建築碳排放管制及其運作之相關參考依據。

In response to the goal of carbon reduction, this study explores the control method and operation mechanism in the urban planning level in terms of the development intensity and its carbon emissions The data of CO2 emissions of each building, of per floor area, and of per site area are applied to observe the overall environment load from the main units of buildings, and to further examine the environment load of each building lot from the perspective of carrying capacity. Moreover, the tangible benefits of carbon reduction were conditionally put into use in building constructions under the carbon market, aiming to subsidy land use and building types which help enhance environmental quality. The study method focuses on annual statistics of CO2 emission of residential RC buildings. The usage licenses registered from 2001 to 2005 in Taipei City Construction Management Office’s database was retrieved as the sources of statistics, 623 buildings were chosen as the samples to calculate the carbon emissions and to make scenario analyses on carbon caps. The emissions rates from individual existing buildings, unit floor area, and the average and median rate of per site area are taken into consideration in the establishment of the emissions baseline. This study probes into the emission performance standard during the construction stage. It is expected that the outcome can serve as a reference for the follow-ups of carbon cap in Taiwan.