蜻蜓振翅力與翅膀動態特性的量測

Abstract

本論文量測蜻蜓在固定姿態的振翅力和翅膀的動態特性。在振翅力量測方面我們設計了雙向測力計可以量得蜻蜓振翅時向上和向前的平均力，這兩個方向的合力即為蜻蜓的振翅力。動態特性量測方面利用基台振盪法配合雷射位移計量測蜻蜓翅膀的頻率響應函數，進而得到翅膀的自然頻率和模態。我們採用的雷射位移計可以量測透明物體的位移，不必在蜻蜓翅膀上加上干擾翅膀特性的反光點，因此可以檢驗反光點對翅膀動態特性的影響。經由這些量測，我們比較了同種、不同種類蜻蜓翅膀動態特性的差異，同時嘗試建立振翅力和翅膀幾何尺寸、動態特性間的關連性。

In this thesis, we measure the average flight forces at a fixed orientation and the wing’s dynamical characteristics of dragonflies. To measure the flight force, we design a two-axis force sensor that can measure the upward and forward forces while the dragonfly is flapping its wings. The resultant of these two components represents the flight force. The wing’s dynamical characteristics are measured using the base excitation method in conjunction with two laser displacement sensors. The laser displacement sensor can measure the motion of transparent targets. In this way, we can study the effects of reflective dots put on the dragonfly’s wings by other researchers. After collecting large experimental data, we compare the wing’s dynamical characteristics of dragonflies, of the same kind and different kinds. We also study the correlation between the flight force and the geometrical dimensions and dynamical characteristics of the wings.