聚苯胺－聚苯乙烯磺酸與銀金屬複合材料之製備與銀金屬形態探討

Abstract

本論文利用聚苯胺(PANI)的氧化還原性質，將銀離子還原成銀金屬，並且設計不同實驗，探討產物銀金屬的形態變化。首先製備三種不同形態之PANI(奈米纖維、奈米顆粒與奈米平板)；與硝酸銀反應後所還原之銀金屬形態受到PANI本身化學結構與形態的影響；所混摻之聚電解質聚苯乙烯磺酸(PSSA)會吸附在PANI表面，影響銀金屬成長環境，進而改變其晶體結構；外加還原劑並未與PANI在供應還原電子上產生加乘效果，從銀金屬的形態變化上可以看出其個別的影響；將膠體溶液PANI－PSSA與硝酸銀反應，利用高分子上銀金屬的分佈情形確定兩者為均勻混和，銀奈米粒子藉由互相聚集形成較大尺寸的結構，並且調整晶體位向使晶體結構趨於一致。

In this work, we have exploited the redox property of polyaniline(PANI) to reduce silver ion to metallic silver, whose morphology is investigated in various experiments. First, we have prepared 3 kinds of PANI with different morphologies, i.e. nanofiber(F), nanogranule(G) and nanoplate(P). Not only morphology but also the chemical structure of PANI is found to pose influence on the metal morphology after the reaction between PANI and silver nitrate. Blending poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid)(PSSA) with PANI leads to adsorption of polyelectrolyte onto PANI surface, altering the environment for metal growth, thus changing its crystallographic structure. Addition of reducing agent does not induce synergistic effect with PANI concerning the provision of reducing electrons. The respective influence is noticed by observing metal morphology. PANI－PSSA colloidal solution is prepared and reacted with silver nitrate. PANI and PSSA are believed to be homogeneously mixed based on the distribution of the resulting metal nanoparticles within polymer matrix. The size of metal is increased by aggregation of individual nanoparticles, meanwhile, the crystallographic orientation is adjusted to develop a structure with higher crystallographic coherency.