報紙圖像資訊產製分析：以示意圖新聞為例

Abstract

《蘋果日報》二○○三年進入台灣報業市場，便將重建犯罪現場的模擬新聞示意圖帶進台灣。示意圖依據新聞事實和新聞工作者的想像，成為台灣報業中既前衛又具爭議的新聞圖像。 本文以Brenda Dervin的「意義建構理論」（sense-making theory）為理論視野，透過個案研究與參與觀察，分析示意圖產製過程中，記者與報社編輯組織之間的資訊蒐集與意義建構。 研究發現，示意圖的產製，需由一組新聞工作者進行蒐集資訊、傳遞資訊等密集資訊流通。記者與美術編輯等新聞工作者面對有限的資源與情境，為有效率完成任務，而發展出許多解題策略，以因應不同情境下的困境和挑戰。因此，新聞示意圖的產製過程，是報社新聞工作者歷經一連串的建構、溝通、協商與專業角力，最後合力產製而成示意圖新聞文本。

When Apple Daily made its debut in Taiwan in 2013, its pervasive usage of “infographics” generated a heated discussion in the field of media. “Infographics” is a type of computer aided technique which is used to illustrate what has happened in the crime scene based mainly on news facts, but imagination was also involved to fill up the unknown parts. This research will discuss how journalists and editors from Apple Daily produce infographics based on Brenda Dervin’s “sense-making theory” by means of case study and participant observation. In the process of producing infographics, both journalists and editors are involved to collect materials and information needed in infographics. They encounter limited resources and face with various situations. In order to complete their tasks efficiently, they come up with a variety of solutions and strategies to cope with all kinds of challenges derived from different situations. In conclusion, the making of infographics is a collaborative process that involves a series of activities, such as construction, communication and compromising, by journalists and editors.