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標題: | 尼泊爾埋葬蟲不同溫度下的運動表現 Locomotor performance of burying beetles (Nicrophorus nelpalensis Hope 1831) in different environmental temperatures |
作者: | Te-pei Chen 陳德沛 |
指導教授: | 沈聖峰(Sheng-Feng Shen) |
關鍵字: | 溫度適應,適存度,活動狀態,相對體溫,最佳表現溫度, thermal adaptation,fitness,locomotor performance,relative body temperature,optimal temperature, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 摘要
全球暖化對生態系與生物帶來了巨大的衝擊。在全球暖化日益嚴重的情況 下,生物的生理表現如何適應環境溫度,是預測全球暖化對生物帶來的傷害的重要問題。過去關於生物生理的溫度適應較多以存活數量最為指標,對於不同溫度下的活動狀態較少被討論,但若要探討生物在環境的適存度,不能僅從存活與否的層面討論,生物的活動狀態亦是生物續存的必要關鍵之一。擁有良好的活動力,才可獲得生存資源與繁殖的機會,或是躲避天敵。過去關於環境溫度對生物表現的影響有兩種假說:生物具有多個最佳表現溫度的多種最佳溫度假說(multiple optima hypothesis)以及最適當體溫即為所有生物表現最佳表現體溫的溫度共同適應假說(thermal coadaptation hypothesis)。我們以狹溫性昆蟲尼泊爾 埋葬蟲為研究對象測試這兩個假說,比較進行不同活動時的最佳表現溫度的異同,我們發現—埋葬蟲進行不同活動的最佳表現溫度符合多種最佳溫度假說。埋葬蟲在慢速奔跑時,若沒起飛,在16℃可以持續走動的時間最久;而埋葬蟲快速奔跑時,在20℃最容易起飛。結果顯示,埋葬蟲在進行日常活動時的最佳表現溫度和繁殖最佳表現溫度一樣為16℃;而面對緊急狀況的最佳表現溫度為20℃,充分顯示出埋葬蟲活動時的最佳表現溫度符合多種最佳溫度假說,由此說明,想要了解氣候變遷對生物的影響,不能只從某一個生理特徵去探討,必須充分收集資訊才能預測全球暖化對生物的傷害,以利之後朝正確的方向去制定環境保護政策。 Abstract Global warming has made a strong impact on the organism and ecosystems.Understanding the thermal adaptation of species’ physiology can help us predict the species’ vulnerability under the climate change. Most of the previous studies about thermal adaptation focused on survival rate as in index of fitness. However, locomotor performance is one of the fitness-related traits of organisms. The individuals with better performance on locomotor activity will get more resource for survive and have higher opportunity for reproduction, also escape from predators more easily. Based on the past research, there were two hypotheses about thermal adaptation, which were “multiple optima” and “thermal coadaptation”. The multiple optima hypothesis refers to that there are many optimal temperature of organisms’ physiological performance, whereas the thermal coadaptation hypothesis refers to that the preferred body temperature of organisms is the optimal temperature to all physiological performance. To test these two hypothesis, we investigated the locomotor performance of two different speed (slow speed: 1.5m/min; extreme speed: 2.0m/min) of burying beetle (Nicrophorus nepalensis Hope, 1831) to test these two hypotheses about physiological adaptation. We found that under the slow speed, burying beetles was the lowest advantage at 12℃ and it performed the best at 16℃. However, under the extreme speed, we found that the burying beetles performed the best at 20℃. Our results indicated that the optimal temperature of daily activity is 16℃, which is similar to the optimal temperature of breeding, and the optimal temperature of running is 20℃. Based on our result, we should not focus on only one of the physiological traits of the organisms if we want to understand more about how global warming influence organisms. We must collect more information about thermal adaptation of organism so that we can make the policy of protecting environment more accurately. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/62171 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202001030 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 |
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