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標題: | 藉由國際情境探討我國能源政策之減碳措施 Exploring Taiwan’s Carbon Reducing Actions in Energy Policy from International Scenario Perspective |
作者: | Hsin-Jui Yu 余欣叡 |
指導教授: | 馬鴻文 |
關鍵字: | 能源政策情境,能源政策規劃,減碳措施,能源效率,再生能源, Energy Policy Scenarios,Energy Policy Planning,Carbon Reducing Actions,Energy Efficiency,Renewable Energy, |
出版年 : | 2013 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 溫室氣體排放和能源的供給與需求密切相關,我國有鑒於能源政策規劃對於氣候變遷影響重大,亦在能源政策綱領中明訂二氧化碳排放減量目標,然而依據2011年評估,相關措施規劃仍不足以達成減碳目標,因此本研究藉由國際間建立的能源政策情境內容,檢討我國能源政策中減碳措施的規劃,並提供相關建言。
本研究共蒐集18個國際上與能源政策相關的情境,並從中篩選出5個可達成全球氣溫控制於2℃的情境,作為探討國際趨勢的依據。歸納國際間減碳成效較佳的情境評估結果,有四項主要減碳措施:提升能源使用端效率、推廣再生能源、建置CCS、使用核能;而依據2011年我國新能源政策的內容檢討,有三項主要減碳措施:提升能源使用端效率、推廣再生能源、使用天然氣。 就相同的措施而言,能源使用端效率提升有六項政策方向:加強成果可見度、立法優先執行、提供資金援助、制定最低效率標準、定期檢核成效、人力培養。而同時考量能源使用端效率提升與推廣再生能源時,則有八項政策轉變應推行:停止補貼化石燃料與核能發電、建立總量管制與排放交易、制定嚴格的能源消費效率標準、法定再生能源與汽電共生的發展目標、改革電力市場使再生能源被優先使用、提供投資者明確且穩定的收益、改善標章制度與資訊發佈機制、增加相關研究與建置預算。 就相異的措施而言,國際情境評估顯示CCS與核能發展具有高不確定性,其規模與能源需求增長呈正相關,因此我國在未採納CCS與核能的情形下,更應注重需求面之管理。而為達成良好且穩固的減碳成效,未來我國推動能源政策中的減碳措施時,宜具備階段性思維,先建立減碳經濟價值,以此為基礎,優先推廣需求面管理,再多方改善供給面技術。 Greenhouse gas emission is closely related to energy supply and demand. In order to cope with this problem, Taiwan declares specific target for carbon dioxide reduction in the “Framework of Taiwan’s Sustainable Energy Policy”. However, according to the evaluation in 2011, planned actions are unable to meet the goal. This study examines Taiwan’s current plans and gives suggestions from the perspectives of different international energy policy scenarios Initially 18 energy policy scenarios are considered, but 5 are selected after screening. These scenarios can achieve the goal of limiting global temperature change to less than 2℃. According to international scenarios, mainstream of carbon reducing actions are: improving end-use energy efficiency, popularizing renewable energy, implementing CCS, using nuclear energy. Based on 2011 “New Energy Policy of Taiwan”, domestic carbon reducing actions are: improving end-use energy efficiency, popularizing renewable energy, using natural gas. For improving end-use energy efficiency, there are six policy measures: enhance achievement’s visibility, make it as priority in legislation, provide financial support, set minimum energy performance standards, check policy effects regularly, and cultivate human resource. As for both energy efficiency and renewable energy, there are eight policy changes: phase out subsidies for fossil fuels and nuclear energy, establish cap-and-trade emission trading, mandate strict efficiency standards, set legally targets for renewable energy and combined heat and power generation, reform the electricity market to use renewable energy as priority, provide defined and stable returns for investors, improve labeling and disclosure mechanism, increase research and development budgets. As for CCS and nuclear energy, international scenarios consider both of them having high uncertainty. Evaluations show that the scale of CCS and nuclear energy has positive correlation with energy demand growing. Thus, Taiwan should focus on demand side management while not considering CCS and nuclear energy as current policy measures. In order to achieve well carbon reduction, Taiwan should adopt stepwise thinking in the future. Three stages are: securing carbon reduction’s economic value as basis, popularizing demand side management, improving various supply side technologies. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/61954 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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