以政策網絡理論分析薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器產業自有品牌生產成功因素 – 臺韓比較分析

Abstract

南韓以及台灣薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器產業表現之區別, 在於南韓的薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器產業成功升級為自有品牌生產，而台灣大多數還是以OEM或ODM為主的代工。 此篇論文之目標在於分析台灣及南韓薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器產業不同表現值的原因。 以往分析台灣與韓國產業政策之研究是將國家角色放在主要的位置。但在台灣及南韓的民主化與全球化的情況下，國家為主要角度分析的能力下降。因此，本論文爲了解釋台灣和南韓薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器產業升級至自有品牌生產不同表現, 將使用另外一 個理論框架。本論文要使用會考慮到上述描述民主化與全球化之變化的理論, 是所謂的政策網絡理論。次理論假設政策改變，如 自有品牌之升級，依賴於外來會影響五種政策網絡變量的因素。五種政策網絡變量是：問題與解決之改變、政策偏好之改變、資源之改變、策略之改變及政策網絡規定和規範之改變。這五種變量值改變首先會影響參與者資源交換, 最後造成政策變 化。 本論文之結論為, 亞洲金融危機之影響在南韓造成大部份上述五種政策網絡變量改變, 最終的結果是升級到自有品牌生產值政策變化。反之，在台灣由於大部份的五種政策網絡變量沒有發生改變，所以相較之下沒有廣大升級到自有品牌生產之政策變化 。

The Taiwanese and the South Korean TFT-LCD industries differ in the success regarding the upgrading to OBM. South Korea successfully upgraded to OBM, while Taiwan is still mainly operating as OEM/ODM. This thesis is going to analyze the reason for this circumstance. Former analyses of industrial policy in Taiwan and Korea mainly focused on the role of the state. However, due to democratization and globalization the role of the state diminished. Hence, this thesis makes use of the policy networks theory that takes into account these changed realities. The theory assumes that policy change, like the upgrading to OBM, is influenced by exogenous variables that lead to changes in five policy network variables. These variables are changes in problems and solutions, changes in preferences, changes in resources, changes in strategies and changes in rules and norms. Changes in these variables first influence the resource exchange between the actors and can finally lead to policy change. The thesis concludes that the exogenous variable Asian financial crisis induced a change in most of the five policy networks in South Korea and eventually led to a policy change in the form of upgrading to OBM. Whereas because in Taiwan there was no change concerning most of the policy networks variables, policy change in the form of upgrading to OBM was not as extensive.