主題式網路地圖的易用性分析

Abstract

網路上開放地理資料和互動式地圖之成長，改變了地理視覺化呈現的形式，輕易可及的線上資料與互動介面，使每一個人都可以製圖；比起傳統紙本地圖，互動式網路地圖讓使用者可依照自己的需求製作主題地圖，製圖角度也從製圖者中心轉變為使用者中心，但是目前對於互動式網路地圖的設計和使用者的研究卻非常有限。本研究關注使用者的地圖使用效能，從使用者角度評估互動式網路地圖。本研究透過空間任務測驗和專家訪談的方式，了解主題式網路地圖的易用性，分析互動式網路地圖介面的三種易用性指標的構面：有效性、有用性和滿意度。研究結果顯示，由三大構面組成的27項地圖指標，有助於網際網路的製圖者設計符合地圖有效性的製圖介面。本研究之價值在於，第一，在建構指標上，將評估視覺化工具的三項易用性指標構面納入面量圖討論，達到提升地圖指標的廣度。第二，在研究方法上採用易用性評估，將使用者操作習慣與個人需求納入介面設計的考量，強化以使用者為中心的評估目的。

The growth of the Open GeoData and web-mapping techniques alters the form of geographic visualization substantially. This web-mapping interface is dramatically changing the way individuals acquire, use and transmit spatial information. Compared to the traditional static map, the interface of web-mapping allows users to adjust the thematic maps more easily according to their own demands. The focus of mapping has been transformed from expert-centered to user-centered. In spite of the appearance of numerous mapping websites, there has been relatively little research focusing on the design of web-mapping and the users. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a better mapping interface for users through an evaluation of usability analysis. In order to provide reference for web-mapping design, this study conducts content analysis and expert review to construct the indicators of choropleth mapping on Internet. The result of this study shows that 27 items composed by 3 dimensions can enhance the design for more effective interface of choropleth mapping. The value of this study is twofold. Firstly, it integrates three usability indicators into map evaluation process and broadens the scope of indicators for map evaluation. Secondly, it adopts user habits and personal needs into account during interface design, therefore enhances user-centric evaluation purposes.