5MW離岸風力發電機整合雙饋式感應發電機與併網之全機組運轉控制研究

Abstract

本研究旨在發展5MW離岸風力發電機之全機組運轉控制，整合空氣動力、風機機組動態、風機次系統及控制系統等，進行全機組動態模擬分析。以ADAMS動態模擬軟體建構全機組動態模擬，並結合FAST發展之風機氣動力(Aerodynamic Analysis)分析以及MATLAB/SIMULINK發展之次系統，包含：雙饋式感應發電機控制系統、併網側控制系統、變旋角(pitch angle)控制系統及變轉速控制系統等與閉迴路控制系統，可進行風力機組於不同風速等操作條件下之動態行為分析。整合全機操控策略與控制理論，當5MW離岸風力發電機運轉於額定風速以下，利用發電機側控制實現變轉速控制系統，追蹤最佳尖速比 對應之轉速，達到最大功率輸出，並限制發電機轉速不超過額定轉速，避免發電機損壞。當風力發電機運轉在額定風速以上，啟動液壓伺服控制系統驅動變旋角控制系統，調節葉片的旋角使風機維持額定功率輸出。並於不同風況輸入下，實現5MW離岸風力發電機之全機組運轉控制模擬分析。

The objective of this study is to develop the co-simulation analysis of aerodynamics, mechanism dynamics and control system dynamics for a 5MW offshore wind turbine. Three different software, including FAST, ADAMS, and MATLAB/SIMULINK, are used for aerodynamic, mechanism dynamic, subsystems and control system dynamic simulation. The modeling and the closed-loop control simulation of the doubly-fed induction generator, the grid side control, the variable-pitch control and the variable-speed control can be performed by MATLAB/ SIMULINK. By integrating the operation control strategy, we can realize the maximum power output under the rated wind speed through the generator-side control for tracking the desired rotor rotational speed calculated according to the optimal tip-speed ratio. To avoid damage, the rotor rotational speed is limited to avoid exceeding the rated rotational speed. While the wind speed is above the rated wind speed, the hydraulic pitch control system starts to perform for keeping the rated power output. Finally, the overall system dynamic simulation of the 5MW offshore wind turbine can be achieved under different wind conditions.