側邊負重下跨障礙之三維動作分析

Abstract

Obstacle crossing is an important task in the activities of daily living. It is also one of the most frequent causes of falls in the elderly, and a source of occupational injury in the young and middle-aged. While many studies have investigated the biomechanical properties of obstacle crossing in both young and old subjects, very few have investigated the effects that loading has on factors such as balance or the lower limb joint mechanics under hand-carried, asymmetrical loading conditions. In a preliminary study, three-dimensional kinetic and kinematic measurements were taken from four healthy right-handed male subjects as they performed an obstacle crossing task at 10, 20 and 30 percent of their leg length, while holding various loads of 2.5, 4.5, and 6.5 kg in their dominant hand. The data collected included the COM-COP inclination angle, toe clearance, joint angles, and joint moments, which are considered key data for understanding the biomechanics of obstacle crossing. The results show that toe clearance increases in the leading leg when the ipsilateral leg crosses, as do the peak flexion angle of the knee and the hip. In addition, the mediolateral inclination angle decreased with weight when crossing with the ipsilateral leg. Such results show that hand-carried side loads may have an influence on the kinematics, kinetics, and spatiotemporal parameters of obstacle crossing.