Skip navigation

DSpace JSPUI

DSpace preserves and enables easy and open access to all types of digital content including text, images, moving images, mpegs and data sets

Learn More
DSpace logo
English
中文
  • Browse
    • Communities
      & Collections
    • Publication Year
    • Author
    • Title
    • Subject
    • Advisor
  • Search TDR
  • Rights Q&A
    • My Page
    • Receive email
      updates
    • Edit Profile
  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 生物資源暨農學院
  3. 昆蟲學系
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/58153
Title: 尼泊爾埋葬蟲合作行為促進生態棲位擴張
Climate-mediated Cooperation Promotes
Niche Expansion in Burying Beetles
(Nicrophorus nepalensis Hope 1831)
Authors: Syuan-Jyun Sun
孫烜駿
Advisor: 楊平世
Co-Advisor: 沈聖峰
Keyword: 社會性,合作生殖,生態棲位寬度,埋葬蟲,狹適性物種,廣適性物種,
sociality,cooperative breeding,niche breadth,burying beetles,specialist,generalist,
Publication Year : 2014
Degree: 碩士
Abstract: 長久以來,科學家試圖解開人類與社會性生物適應各種陸域棲地的原因,其中一項可能的解釋為──合作行為促使人類與社會性生物成為生態上的優勢種,而佔據各種不同的生態棲位。尼泊爾埋葬蟲廣泛分佈於台灣的中海拔山區,以小群體的合作方式利用動物屍體為繁殖資源。由於利用屍體的昆蟲繁多,搶奪屍體激烈,因此埋葬蟲在異種競爭劇烈的環境會採取合作生殖的策略。本研究重要的發現為:第一,直接證明溫度梯度改變物種間的競爭角力。第二,直接證明合作行為對物種的競爭力有正面的影響,幫助物種棲位向外擴張。本研究以具有合作生殖特性的尼泊爾埋葬蟲 (Nicrophorus nepalensis) 做為實驗物種,沿著海拔梯度進行大尺度操縱性實驗,在自然條件下創造大群體與小群體的埋葬蟲,以操控社會性與非社會性的群體。此外,本研究也以加熱實驗增強蠅類分解屍體的競爭力,探究埋葬蟲合作生殖對抗種間競爭的生態結果。結果顯示大群體埋葬蟲沿著海拔與溫度梯度均有較高且穩定的繁殖成功率,而小群體埋葬蟲則只在中海拔有較高的繁殖成功率。在低海拔氣溫較高且種間競爭較強的環境,大群體埋葬蟲合作處理屍體的投資時間增加,也因此具有較高的繁殖成功率。實驗結果進一步顯示加熱屍體能增強蠅類的競爭力,減低小群體的繁殖成功率,而大群體卻能透過合作對抗蠅類的種間競爭。由此可知,小群體和狹適性物種相仿,而大群體埋葬蟲沿海拔與溫度梯度的繁殖表現則近似廣適性物種,透過合作促進生態棲位寬度擴張。透過瞭解合作行為的生態結果,本研究不但解釋了為什麼社會昆蟲能征服陸域生態系,也有助於瞭解氣候變遷如何影響人類與其他社會性生物的行為生存策略。
The ability to form cooperative societies may explain why humans and social insects have come to dominate the earth. Here we examine the ecological consequences of cooperation by quantifying the fitness of cooperative (large groups) and non-cooperative (small groups) phenotypes in burying beetles (Nicrophorus nepalensis) along an elevational and temperature gradient. We experimentally created large and small groups along the gradient and manipulated interspecific competition with flies by heating carcasses. We show that cooperative groups performed as thermal generalists with similarly high breeding success at all temperatures and elevations, whereas non-cooperative groups performed as thermal specialists with higher breeding success only at intermediate temperatures and elevations. Studying the ecological consequences of cooperation may not only help us to understand why so many species of social insects have conquered the earth, but also to determine how climate change will affect the success of these and other social species, including our own.
URI: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/58153
Fulltext Rights: 有償授權
Appears in Collections:昆蟲學系

Files in This Item:
File SizeFormat 
ntu-103-1.pdf
  Restricted Access
8.82 MBAdobe PDF
Show full item record


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

社群連結
聯絡資訊
10617臺北市大安區羅斯福路四段1號
No.1 Sec.4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 106
Tel: (02)33662353
Email: ntuetds@ntu.edu.tw
意見箱
相關連結
館藏目錄
國內圖書館整合查詢 MetaCat
臺大學術典藏 NTU Scholars
臺大圖書館數位典藏館
本站聲明
© NTU Library All Rights Reserved