誰是好男人？：丈夫經濟收入與家務勞動參與對女性家庭生活滿意度之影響

Abstract

本研究使用華人家庭動態資料庫（Panel Study of Family Dynamics, PSFD）2007-2018 年的資料，並使用隨機效果模型（Random Effects Model），嘗試回答近年來在臺灣對於男性角色的期待轉變之下，男性經濟收入與家務的角色，何者較能夠提升臺灣已婚女性的家庭生活福祉？並且透過探討三種臺灣已婚女性在家庭裡可能面臨的壓力情境，分別說明男性的不同角色扮演在這三種情境當中，能否有效減緩女性在家庭生活福祉所受的負面影響？本研究的結果顯示，丈夫的收入以及家務勞動的參與，皆能顯著提升女性的家庭生活滿意度。然而，丈夫收入以及家務勞動參與，在減緩妻子因工作時間增加、家庭育有子女數量增加、以及與公婆同住此三種情境對其家庭生活滿意之影響上有不同的效果。只有在家庭育有子女時，丈夫的收入以及家務勞動的參與可以減輕妻子因養育子女所其家庭福祉所帶來的負面影響。本研究也發現，在家庭擁有不同子女數量時，丈夫的經濟收入和家庭勞動參與的效果有所不同。此研究結果顯示男性新角色的扮演，有助於提升女性家庭生活福祉。本研究也探討了男性不同的角色功能，在不同的家庭情況之下，如何去影響女性的家庭生活福祉。

This study used the Random Effects Model and the data from Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD), trying to answer which role of the male, the economical role or the housework role, can enhance the family life well-being for the wives in Taiwan. By considering three stressful situations which Taiwanese married women may confront, we tried to answer whether different roles of male can alleviate the potential well-being threat to women in family. This research shows that both husband’s income and household labor can enhance wives’ family life satisfaction. However, in three different situations: wives’ long working time, child raising in family, and the patrilocal residence, husbands’ income and household labor have different influence. Only in the situation of child raising in family, husbands’ income and household labor can partially alleviate the negative wellbeing influence of the child raising for women. Furthermore, this study also finds that the influence of husbands’ income and household labor are different by the numbers of children in family. The result of this research illuminates the fact that the changing roles of the male can bring some positive influence to women’s family life well-being. Also, this study discusses how different roles of the male, in different situations, influencing women’s family life well-being.