「一九四九」 敘事的變遷及其意義研究

Abstract

2009年，台灣的出版界、報紙、雜誌環繞著「一九四九」展開熱烈的討論，相關書籍與回應文章敘述當年大陸軍民流亡來台的遭遇。對比解嚴前依附於國家歷史的個人敘事，2009年大量訴說個人記憶的文本顯露出外省族群敘述個人記憶與群體歷史的需求，「一九四九」成為回顧過去的關鍵年代。本研究借助集體記憶理論，細讀該年度出版之報紙雜誌專題及重要書籍如《文學江湖》、《巨流河》、《大江大海一九四九》等書，剖析此討論熱潮中人們敘述、重組、再現記憶的方式，探究討論潮興起的原因，及其對台灣社會記憶建構的影響與侷限。從本研究對「一九四九」意義變化的分析可見，五○年代以來，外省族群持續調整對此歷史事件的理解與詮釋意涵，但外於台灣社會主體框架的論述方式，其重整記憶敘事的目的終未能引起長期的關注。

Compared to “228 Incident,” “1949” has never been an imperative historical event of the historical narration in Taiwan. In 2009, many autobiographies and reportages (Non-fiction Novel) which recalled the memories of “1949” were published and more and more readers responded to the authors with their feeling and reflection after reading these memoirs of “1949”; however, this interest soon declined after 2009. This decline revealed that the Mainlanders intended to use “narrating the past” as a strategy to reconstruct their history. In order to investigate the narrators’ specific intentions and their influences on the society in Taiwan, this paper aims to analyze the cause of the narrating trend by critically examining the historical and collective framework of these autobiographies and reportages. This study argues that criticizing the KMT hegemony and rationalizing the ambiguous relationships between the Mainlanders and the local origins are the main reasons which leaded “1949” to become a popular topic in 2009.