薏苡殼與種皮乙醇萃取物對子宮肌瘤細胞增生之抑制效應

Abstract

Uterine leiomyoma is becoming a significant health concern affecting one in four women of reproductive age in Taiwan as according to the Ministry of Health and Welfare. The associated symptoms can lead to reduced quality of life and women ultimately seek for surgical intervention. Adlay extract possesses anti-tumor activity and has shown to inhibit sarcoma cell proliferation and tumor progression. In the present study, viability of ELT3 cells was tested to screen for the different fractions of adlay extracts, as well as various phenolic compounds, flavonoids, phytosterols and fatty acids. The active adlay fractions and compounds were then tested on primary human leiomyoma and myometrial smooth muscle cells. Cell cycle profile of ELT3 cells were analyzed in order to determine the possible cause of growth-inhibition. Results showed that AHE-EA, ATE-Hex, and ATE-EA were able to inhibit the proliferation of ELT3 and primary leiomyoma cells. Quercetin, nobiletin, eriodictyol, b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and stigmastanol were among the tested compounds that significantly decreased the viability of ELT3 and primary leiomyoma cells, while linoleic acid only impeded primary leiomyoma cell growth. Eriodictyol and quercetin induced cell cycle arrest of ELT3 cells at Sub-G1 and G2/M phases. Adlay extract exhibits time and concentration dependent growth-inhibitory effects on uterine leiomyoma cells. These effects may be due to the combined actions of the different compounds, indicating a possibility of a matrix effect from the compounds in the adlay extract.