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標題: | 應用於K及Ka頻段之高鏡像抑制混頻器和壓控振盪器的設計與整合 Design and Implementation of High Image Rejection Ratio (IRR) Mixer and Voltage-Controlled Oscillator for K- and Ka-band Applications |
作者: | Chuang-Yuan Cheng 鄭創元 |
指導教授: | 黃天偉(Tian-Wei Huang) |
關鍵字: | 壓控振盪器,注入鎖定除頻器,混頻器, Voltage-controlled oscillator,Injection-locked frequency divider,Mixer, |
出版年 : | 2014 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本篇論文,以互補式金氧半導體製程,先後提出了一高鏡像抑制升頻混波器與一應用於汽車雷達之壓控震盪器及除頻器,並將兩者架構作整合,實現一自我震盪之混頻器。
在第二章中,提出了適用於Ka頻段之接收機系統上的高鏡像抑制升頻混頻器,其中為了在射頻端27.5~30.5GHz達到好的鏡像抑制,因此選擇在中頻及本地震盪頻率用四相位輸入,中頻的部分採用多相位濾波器產生四相位,本地震盪頻率則用90度耦合器來達成四項位,混頻器的架構則採用常見之吉伯特式混頻器,其中將轉導級之電晶體用反向放大器取代,以藉此達到電流重複利用的效果,另外在開關級運用弱反轉層的偏壓技巧使得此混頻器於射頻上能有較少的直流功率消耗,最後因為中頻端的多相位濾波器損耗並不小,因此在射頻端還多加上一疊接緩衝放大器來使其轉換增益達到計畫之要求。 在第三章中,則提出一運用於77GHz汽車雷達系統中的壓控振盪器及注入鎖定混頻器。壓控震盪器採用耦合差動對之架構,其頻率操作在25~27.5GHz,這樣的規畫主要是為了在後面輸出搭配三倍頻器,而除頻器則是使用耦合差動對的注入鎖定除頻器,兩個子電路完成後將以利於整個汽車雷達系統的整合。 在第四章中,由於第一顆及第二顆電路實現了混頻器及壓控振盪器,因此便嘗試將兩者作結合,實現了一24GHz實現自我振盪混頻器,將吉伯特式降頻器的轉導級以壓控振盪器的差動耦合對取代,藉此達到電流重複利用的效果,另外由於LC tank中的電容絕大部分都由電晶體的寄生電容取代,使壓控震盪器中的電感不須很大,而達到較高的品質因素,進而增進相位雜訊;降頻器部分,開關級採用弱反轉層偏壓技巧,並利用共模回授使雙端輸出之直流電壓相等,並在輸出加上反向放大器以增加整體的轉換增益。 論文的第一章和第五章則分別是論文的動機介紹和本碩士論文完成的工作之結論。 In this thesis, by using the CMOS process, a high image rejection up-converted mixer and a voltage-controlled oscillator and a frequency divider for car radar application are presented. Then using the architecture of the previous two circuits, a self-oscillating mixer is designed. In chapter 2, a high image rejection ratio up-converted mixer is presented for Ka-band transceiver. In order to achieve a high image rejection at 27.5 to 30.5 GHz, the circuit generates the quadrature signal from IF and LO port, which use the poly-phase filter and the quadrature coupler, respectively. The mixer architecture is a conventional Gilbert-cell type mixer. By employing current-reused and weak-inversion bias techniques, it can operate at a reduced supply voltage with low dc power consumption. Finally, due to the large loss of the poly-phase filter, we add a simple cascade buffer at the RF output. In chapter 3, a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and an injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) for 77-GHz automotive radar system application is proposed. The architecture of the VCO uses the cross-coupled pair topology, and the operate frequency is 25GHz to 27.5GHz. Using this specification is because this system will use a tripler after the output of the VCO. Then the architecture of the ILFD also uses the cross-coupled pair topology. The implements of these two circuits can be good for our automotive radar system application. In chapter 4, a 24-GHz self-oscillating mixer is reported. Because chapter 2 and chapter 3 have presented a mixer and a VCO, we try to combine these two circuits to one circuit. The switching stage of the Gilbert-cell mixer is replaced by a cross-coupled pair of VCO, and it can achieve a current-reused effect. Then this architecture has a lot of transistors which the parasitic capacitors of the LC tank can be almost replaced. And the inductor of the LC tank can also be reduced, which means the quality factor and phase noise can be improved. In down mixer part, the circuit uses weak-inversion bias and common-mode feedback techniques which can reduce the total power consumption. And the conversion gain is increased with adding an inverter buffer at mixer output. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/55620 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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