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標題: | 整合揮發性有機化合物氣體微感測器與改良式攜帶型氣相層析儀之研究 Development of Portable Micro Gas Chromatography Utilizing Volatile Organic Compound Micro Sensors |
作者: | Po-Kai Huang 黃柏愷 |
指導教授: | 田維誠(Wei-Cheng Tian) |
關鍵字: | 微型氣相層析儀,肺癌之生物標記,有機揮發性氣體,奈米金單層膜保護團簇,氣體微感測器, Micro gas chromatography,lung cancer biomarker,volatile organic compounds,monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs),micro gas sensor, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 根據行政院衛生署統計,肺癌長年居於癌症十大死因之首,而現有之非侵入式檢測儀器如電腦斷層掃描(CT)與核磁共振儀(MRI)對於癌細胞影像的解析度不足,使得小於0.5公分的腫瘤難以從影像分辨因而難以在早期診斷出肺癌。因此,本研究希望以非侵入式之呼出氣體檢測方法檢測肺癌。研究發現,肺癌患者的呼出氣體中某些特定的揮發性有機化合物(Volatile organic compounds, VOCs)其含量會高於健康人體的基準值,因此可作為癌症檢測的生物標記(Biomarkers)。
本研究結合非微機電與微機電(MEMS)技術,開發出一台改良式攜帶型氣相層析儀並將其應用於肺癌生物標記之檢測。第一代改良式攜帶型氣相層析儀所設計出的體積為16×11×6 cm,此氣相層析儀以LabVIEW程式為基礎,搭配自行設計之電路架構作為各個元件及流道的控制系統;並使用傳統不銹鋼型前濃縮管、MEMS-based前濃縮管和MEMS-based分離管柱作為層析之關鍵元件,量測時使用一般空氣作為載流氣體,並用分子篩與活性碳過濾其水氣及有機物。本研究以奈米金單層膜保護團簇(Monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters, MPCs)作為感測材料塗佈於CMOS-based堆疊式電極結構感測器與MEMS-based平面式電極結構感測器,並搭配CMOS-based負迴授校正電路(Negative Feedback Calibration readout circuit, NFC)作為量測用之後端讀取電路,其測量結果較傳統分壓式讀取電路之感測靈敏度提升至少2倍。於氣相層析儀之量測上,兩種感測器皆成功在4分鐘內辨識由分離管柱分離出的7種有機揮發性氣體;而對於使用CMOS-based堆疊式電極結構-奈米金氣體感測器搭配傳統前濃縮管在採樣體積為300mL之條件下其偵測極限為12.9 ng(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene);使用 MEMS-based平面式電極結構-奈米金氣體感測器搭配MEMS-based前濃縮管在同條件下其偵測極限為137.1 ng(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene)。本研究開發的改良式攜帶型氣相層析儀為第一代原型機,其優點有分析迅速、體積小易於攜帶及再現性佳等優點;且未來可將CMOS-based氣體感測器與所有電路系統包括控制電路與後端讀取電路等整合於CMOS-based微晶片上,達成高整合性、高靈敏度、體積更小與功率損耗低之系統。 According to the statistics from the Department of Health of Taiwan, lung cancer had been the leading causes of death for more than 5 years. With the existing non-invasive cancer diagnostic equipment, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was very hard to identify an abnormal tissue or a tumor size smaller than 0.5 cm at the early stage of the cancer. By the previous research results, some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from human exhaled air were approved as biomarkers for lung cancer. Therefore, the objective of the reported research was planned to use a novel non-invasive method to detect biomarkers of lung cancer. In this research, an advanced portable micro gas chromatography (μGC) was developed to detect simulated lung cancer biomarkers by utilizing both non-MEMS and MEMS techniques. The size of the first generation μGC prototype was 16(L)×11(W)×6(H) cm, and it used custom-made LabVIEW program and electronic circuits to control the system. In addition, a conventional preconcentrator (PCT), a MEMS-based PCT and a MEMS-based column were employed as critical components in μGC. The CMOS-based and the MEMS-based VOC sensors were both coated with monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) as the sensing material. Both sensors were measured by utilizing the negative feedback calibration (NFC) readout circuit, and the sensitivity of sensors measured by NFC readout circuit was increased approximately two times higher compared to a conventional voltage divider. The μGC used the scrubbed air as the carrier gas, and vapor mixtures of seven compounds were successfully separated and identified by both two sensors in less than 4 minutes. The detection limit, in the volume of 300mL air sampling condition for 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene vapor, of the MEMS-based sensor connected with a conventional PCT was 137.1 ng while the detection limit of the CMOS-based sensor connected with MEMS-based PCT was 12.9 ng. This μGC was our first generation prototype, and it showed the features of portability, rapidness, and good repeatability. Ultimately, the CMOS-based sensor and entire electronic systems such as control circuits and NFC readout circuit could be integrated on the same micro-chip to further miniaturize the system and to reduce the power consumption in the future. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/54816 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 電子工程學研究所 |
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