飼料中添加北蟲草培養米基萃取物對點帶石斑成長及免疫能力之影響

Abstract

本論文研究目的為藉由體內投餵實驗，探討在飼料中添加北蟲草培養米基萃取物對於點帶石斑魚在成長及非特異性免疫方面之影響。實驗分別為餵食在飼料中添加以甲醇、酒精、醋酸乙酯和水，萃取的培養米基萃取物以及無添加和直接添加培養米基之組別。成長方面檢測增重率(Percentage weight gain, PWG)及飼料利用率(Feed efficiency, FE)，免疫方面檢測項目包括超氧陰離子產生率(Superoxide anion production ratio)和溶菌酶活性(Lysozyme activity)。並分析血清中鹼性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase)、膽固醇(Cholesterol)及三酸甘油脂(Triglyceride)。 實驗使用平均約9.61±1.12克的點帶石斑魚，每組12尾進行三重複，實驗開始21天後測量體重及成長狀況，飼養35天後秤重採樣。結果顯示實驗35天後，魚體增重率介於187%~215%，飼料效率介於100%~113%。非特異性免疫超氧陰離子(O2-)產生率及溶菌酶活性都以在飼料中添加0.5%北蟲草培養米基酒精萃取物組表現高，鹼性磷酸酶以甲醇萃取物組表現最高，直接添加培養米基組及添加培養米基萃取物組在膽固醇及三酸甘油脂都較控制組低。 綜合本研究結果發現，點帶石斑魚連續攝食添加北蟲草培養米基萃取物的飼料35天，對其成長無顯著影響 (p>0.05)。免疫方面結果顯示在飼料中添加北蟲草培養米基萃取物，其白血球超氧陰離子產生率，溶菌酶活性等非特異性免疫指標皆有提升的效果。

This study used an in vivo experiment to investigate the effect of Cordyceps militaris rice medium extract on growth and non-specific immune parameters of grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Experiments were conducted by adding C. militaris rice medium and C. militaris rice medium extraction, extracted using methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and water, to basal diets and administering to grouper for 35 days. Grouper with a body weight of 9.61±1.12g were randomly distributed into tanks in triplicates (at a density of 12 fish/tank). The results showed that final body weight, percentage weight gain and feed efficiency of grouper were not significantly effected when fed with diets containing various extractions of C. militaris rice medium. The results for immune parameters show that the production ability of superoxide anion and lysozyme enzyme activity of plasma are higher in fish fed with diets supplemented by ethanol extracted C. militaris rice medium. Alkaline phosphatase activity is higher in groupers fed with methanol extracted C. militaris rice medium diets. Groupers fed with C. militaris rice medium and C. militaris rice medium extraction have lower cholesterol (Cho) and triglyceride (TG) compared to those fed with control diets. Thus, this study indicated that administration of grouper with C. militaris rice medium extraction supplemented diets has no negative growth impact and can enhance its non-specific immune response.