飼料中添加不同比例之靈芝固態培養基對南美白蝦成長表現及非特異性免疫之影響

Abstract

本研究的目的在於探討在飼料中添加不同比例的靈芝固態培養基對南美白蝦在成長表現與非特異性免疫的影響。實驗分為添加0g/kg , 7.5g/kg , 12.5g/kg , 25g/kg , 50g/kg的靈芝固態培養基來分別評估其對白蝦在成長及免疫表現上的影響。成長試驗是透過檢測其飼養6周後的存活率和增重率來做為其成長表現的依據，其結果顯示經過6周的投餵實驗後，靈芝固態培養基不會對白蝦成長有任何影響，惟添加量50g/kg時存活率有下降的現象值得被注意。免疫試驗是透過在餵食實驗飼料後的第0、4、7、10、14天分別檢測其原酚氧化酶活性、吞噬活性、超氧陰離子產生量及溶菌酶活性。實驗結果顯示，超氧陰離子產生量和溶菌酶活性在靈芝固態培養基添加量12.5g/kg時有較好的表現，原酚氧化酶活性和吞噬活性則在靈芝固態培養基添加量12.5g/kg 、50g/kg時有最好的表現能力。 綜合實驗結果發現，添加靈芝固態培養基於白蝦飼料中能有效提高白蝦的非特異性免疫，其中又以添加12.5~25g/kg的靈芝固態培養基為作為白蝦免疫激活物的最適添加量。

The study purpose to evaluate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum solid medium on growth performance and non-specific immune response of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).The shrimp diets was supplemented with different levels of Ganoderma lucidum solid medium (0g/kg , 7.5g/kg , 12.5g/kg , 25g/kg , 50g/kg)respectively. In growth performance test,5 groups of shrimp was fed for 6 weeks . The results show that all groups have no significant on Ganoderma lucidum solid medium supply,but 50g/kg supply have low survival than other groups. In immunity test, prophenoloxidase activity (proPO),phagocytic activity,superoxide anion production (o2-),and lysozyme activity were examined after feeding for 0,4,7,10,14 days. The results indicated that 12.5g/kg supply with Ganoderma lucidum solid medium have the best superoxide anion production (o2-),and lysozyme activity than other treatments. On the other hand, The prophenoloxidase activity and phagocytic activity were significantly higher when shrimp fed with 12.5g/kg、50g/kg supply of Ganoderma lucidum solid medium. The present study confirm that supplemented with Ganoderma lucidum solid medium could elevate non-specific immune index of white shrimp. Further, the optimal ratio of Ganoderma lucidum solid medium as immunostimulants to feed white shrimp is 12.5~25g/kg.