傳統聚落發展觀光對居民生活品質之影響

Abstract

隨著觀光產業的蓬勃發展，政府亦開始推動觀光休閒結合地方文化發展的觀光發展模式，像是多樣的特色小鎮文化觀光或是舉辦在地文化的特色展，雖然可以帶動地方的觀光發展或是增進地方居民對於自身家鄉的凝聚力，但是當地區開始發展觀光時，除了正面效益外，也會造成負面的衝擊，其中最直接影響的便是當地居民的生活品質。 本研究目的在於探討傳統聚落發展觀光後對於居民生活品質之影響，研究地點為澎湖西嶼二崁聚落，本研究先以文獻回顧彙整出訪談問項，並於103年2月3日至2月13日對於當地居民進行口頭訪談，後續根據訪談結果與文獻回顧訂定研究問卷，現地問卷調查時間為103年5月8日至5月11日為止，共得有效問卷237份。 研究結果發現，社經特性之年齡、教育程度、職業、婚姻狀況、個人月收入對生活品質滿意度有顯著影響，而居民生活品質面向以社區發展、身心感受、文化推廣、產業經濟、環境安全及社區關係對生活品質滿意度具有正向相關，其中以社區發展影響最為顯著。由於近年來對於生活品質越來越重視，本研究結果可提供給相關單位作為參考依據。

With the rapid development of the tourism industry, the government has begun to promote the tourism-development model by combined leisure with local cultural, such as the variety tourism with towns’ culture, or holding the local cultural exhibitions. Although it can promote the development of local tourism or make residents have more cohesion, it has positive benefits and negative impacts when the region begins to develop the tourism, and the most direct impact is on the residents’ quality of life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of traditional settlement development on residents' quality of life. The study site was in Erkan, Xiyu Township, Penghu County. Through literature review, the questions of interview had been done. Interviewing the residents by oral was finished on February 3 to February 13, 2014. According to the results of the interviews and literature review, the quality of life is divided into six directions, and the questionnaires were completed by residents on May 8 to May 11, 2014. This research totally collected 237 effective questionnaires. According to the results, the socioeconomic characteristics of age, education, occupation, marital status, personal monthly income had a significant impact on residents’ quality of life. The directions of community development, physical and psychological feeling, cultural promotion, industrial economy, environmental safety, and community relation had a significant impact on residents’ quality of life satisfaction, and the more significant impact were community development and industrial economy. In recent years, people are more and more attention to the quality of life, and I expect to provide useful references for related administrations.