環境責任整合立法之研究─以環境危害之排除與整治責任為中心

Abstract

環境責任制度經過長久的發展，在環境法體系當中已成為獨樹一格的環境法領域。然而，現行環境責任制度卻因其碎裂化的立法模式引發不少適用上的爭議。本文即欲透過歸納整理出現行環境責任制度下所引發的爭議，再行提出以整合取向為基礎的立法模式，藉以解決現行環境責任制下之問題。 本文所著重的問題可區分成兩大部分。首先是針對現行環境責任制度下因過於龐雜的體系造成的適用上疑慮。分別就宏觀的公法與私法間、微觀的行政法規範內、民法規範內加以觀察，並提出在我國法制下目前面對的問題。其次則是針對面對新型態環境危害，現行環境責任制度規範不足的問題，並且以基因改造作物為例，更具體的理解新型態環境危害所造成的問題。 最後透過上述兩議題的分析與歸納，本文參考歐盟環境法的整合取向理念，試圖提出解決上述問題的建議與展望。

On the basis of the long-term development, the environmental liability system becomes a special category in the environmental law system. However, current environmental liability system has some applying issue due to its fragmentized legal system. This thesis wants to organize and analyze such issues and then propose an approach to solve such issues and problems based on the idea of integrated legislation. This thesis wants to focus on two main issues. Firstly, figure out and analyze the problems which are caused by the complicated environmental law system. Particularly, observing the issues happening between public law and civil law and issues happening separately in public laws and civil laws. Secondly, regarding to the new types of environmental damage, the current environmental liability system is facing the challenges of lacking of regulations. Therefore, this thesis takes genetically modified crops as example to realize in the more practical way the problems we are facing. Finally, by analyzing and induction the abovementioned issues, this thesis taking the idea of integrated legislation from European Union environmental law as reference tries to propose a solution to solve such issues.