國立臺灣大學館舍自來水含鉛濃度調查

Abstract

世界各國在1980年代開始禁止使用鉛管，臺灣則於1979年禁止使用鉛管作為配水管。近年來各國進行配水系統大範圍採樣調查，發現自來水鉛污染的問題普遍存在，也讓長期被忽視的自來水中鉛污染問題逐漸受到重視。但汰換早期鋪設的鉛管費用極高，且有處理住戶家用鉛管的隱私問題，包含臺灣內，許多國家的配水系統中仍普遍存在鉛管。現今認證的無鉛管材之鉛含量並不為零，各種非鉛管的管材仍然含有微量鉛成分。此研究調查臺灣大學校園內29座館舍自來水中鉛的濃度及溶解態與固態鉛的組成，藉以瞭解探討自來水中各項水質參數和鉛濃度的關係及不同採樣方法所測得鉛濃度的差異，並分析截留於水龍頭濾網上顆粒含鉛狀況以了解校園內自來水鉛污染的情形。

Lead pipe has been banned for its use in water supply by most countries in the 1980s. In Taiwan, lead pipe was banned in 1979. Recent surveys conducted in different countries revealed that lead contamination in tap water could be a widespread problem and aroused public concerns on this issue. Due to the enormous cost and difficulties in complete replacement, historically installed lead pipes are still in service in many countries, including Taiwan. Moreover, the so-called “lead free” plumbing materials can still contain lead according to current definition (Kempic, 2012). In this study, a sampling campaign was conducted for 29 buildings on the National Taiwan University campus between 2015/07/25 and 2016/05/01. Total lead, soluble lead and various water quality parameters were measured in order to understand the extent of lead contamination in these buildings and to determine the relationship between each water parameter and lead concentration. Lead profiles determined using different sampling methods were compared and particulates collected from the faucet aerators were characterized to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contamination.