類比式太陽能最大功率追蹤之研究

Abstract

日常生活中隨處可見電池的應用，而電池必須靠充電器充電，而市面上有很多不同的充電器，由於太陽能為乾淨、取之不盡、用之不竭的能源，是產生電力的良好選擇，使用太陽能充電器既經濟又環保。傳統太陽能最大功率追蹤是以微處理-數位電路方式實現，但數位方式較適合大瓦數及與市電並聯的系統且成本較高，在低功率低成本的應用上較不適合，故本文旨在研究一太陽能最大功率追蹤電路，以類比電路實現，作為太陽能充電器使用，根據太陽能板的特性，將太陽能板操作在最大功率點然後對電池充電。此最大功率追蹤電路並為之做了改良，不僅架構簡單且有不錯的追踨效率，僅需乘法器跟常見的放大器與比較器，最後並以實驗驗證其可行性，並比較改良之前跟改良之後電路的優劣。

Batteries have been used in many applications in our life. Nevertheless, batteries must be charged by chargers to maintain their electrical energy. There are many different chargers in the market. Because solar energy is clean and inexhaustible, using solar charger is economical and environment friendly. Traditionally, the maximum power point tracker is implemented by a digital microprocessor for high power applications and high cost. However, they are not applied to low-power applications, such as portable electronic devices. Therefore, we attempt to do a research for a maximum power point tracker that can be applied to low-power application and has low cost. The maximum power point tracker is used as a solar charger charging output power from solar cells to batteries. Besides, the MPP tracker is also modified. The MPP tracker has a simplified structure, because only one multiplier is needed. The circuit is implemented by analog design and it has excellent tracking effectiveness. Finally, an experimental circuit is implemented to verify the results. In addition, the thesis compares with the MPP tracker without modification and the modified MPP tracker.