台商在中國大陸長三角經濟圈投資區位選擇的空間計量分析

Abstract

本研究的主要目的在以區位選擇的角度探討不同產業特性台商投資區位選擇之決定性因素。運用空間分析方法，尋找出之前社會科學文獻所忽略的因素,以期透過本研究提供未來台商前往長三角經濟區投資時區位選擇的參考。 本研究將台商區分為電子業與非電子業，以長三角經濟圈縣級為分析單位比較兩種產業投資多寡的地區差異與空間分布型態，尋找不同產業間影響投資決策的關鍵因素並比較不同產業間是否存在空間因素存在。本研究指出，電子業區位考量的因素為勞動力素質、投資地經濟發展程度以及過去投資行為；非電子業區位考量因素為勞動力供給、投資地基礎建設以及過去投資行為。同樣都具有空間自相關的現象；但現象背後成因卻有所不同，非電子業縣級與縣級之間正向的鄰近關係顯著。

The main purpose of this research is to discuss the determinants of the location choice of Taiwanese investors in different industries. Using spatial analysis, this research looks for factors that have previously been neglected in the social science literature. It hopes to provide reference for the location choice of future Taiwanese investors in the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. In this study Taiwanese businesses are divided into electronic and non-electronic industry and county level data from the Yangtze River Delta are employed as unit of analysis. The distribution patterns of the two different industries are analyzed looking for the decisive factors and investigating whether a spatial factor exists for the different industries. This research finds that labor quality, economic development of the investment location and past investment behavior are the key factors for location choice of the electronics industry. For the location choice of the non-electronic industry this research shows that labor supply, infrastructure and investment behavior of the past are the decisive factors. Both industries exhibit the phenomenon of spatial autocorrelation, but the causes behind the phenomenon are different. The non-electronics industry shows positive correlation between neighboring counties.