利己主義下合作策略的共同演化

Abstract

本論文乃研究共同演化的基因演算法是否能在完全自利的考量下，演化出合作策略。本論文的研究對象為以拍賣方式解決人力分配的問題，因為該問題同時存在著競爭和合作。為了減輕分析該問題的負擔，本研究先將問題抽象化為一個納許遊戲：資源投標遊戲。本論文建立資源投標遊戲的數學模型並進行分析，且另外提供了幾個有研究價值的特例。其中一個特例：c-mNE，因為存在著合作模式，所以被進一步的研究。本研究在該特例上進行了許多實驗，包含了各種不同的演化機制及多樣的自利考量評分函數。根據實驗結果，我們認為若有正確的演化機制可以保留合作策略並剔除競爭策略，則共同演化的基因演算法是可以演化出合作策略。

This thesis examines whether coevolutionary genetic algorithms can evolve cooperative strategies under pure egoistic considerations. Since both competition and cooperation coexist in an auction-based manpower allocation problem, the problem is adopted for further investigation. To alleviate analytical burden, the problem is abstracted to a resource-bidding game under the Nash game framework. A mathematical model for the resource-bidding game is defined and several special cases are illustrated. One of these special cases, c-mNE, is further investigated due to the existance of cooperative modes. Various kinds of egoistic fitness functions and evolutionary mechanisms are experimented on c-mNE. Based on the experimental results, this thesis concludes that coevolutionary mechanisms which properly eliminate aggressive strategies and preserve cooperative strategies can evolve cooperative modes under the pure egoistic assumption.