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標題: | 臺灣地區犬貓飼料及零食沙門氏菌之分離鑑定分型暨抗菌劑感受性調查 The Isolation Rate, Molecular Typing, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella from Dog- and Cat-Food Products in Taiwan |
作者: | Chia-Yuan Chang 張嘉元 |
指導教授: | 周崇熙(Chung-Hsi JiuJiu Chou) |
關鍵字: | 沙門氏菌,寵物食品,抗菌劑感受性試驗,脈衝式電泳,隨機擴增多型性DNA, Salmonella,pet food,antimicrobial susceptibility,PFGE,RAPD, |
出版年 : | 2010 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 感染沙門氏菌的犬、貓皆可能經由糞便排菌而直接或間接感染人類,且有許多人類沙門氏菌症案例肇因於接觸犬貓或其食品。臺灣至今並無任何犬貓食品中沙門氏菌之調查資料。本調查於2008年收集全臺灣各地共413個犬貓食品樣本(犬食品276個樣本,貓食品137個樣本),包括本地製造或國外進口之一般飼料、處方飼料、罐頭和零食等。調查結果共從其中11個樣本分離出13株沙門氏菌,總分離率為2.7% (11/413),而不同種類或不同製造地的食品間並無統計上差異。經血清學鑑定,Salmonella Schwarzengrund(7/13, 53.9%)為最常被分離出的血清型,其次為S. Enteritidis (4/13, 30.8%)。使用藥片擴散法進行14種抗菌劑之感受性試驗,結果有93% 的分離株對一種或一種以上的抗菌劑有抗藥性,其中對streptomycin (84.6%) 抗藥性比率最高,而對cefoxitin、ceftriaxone、ciprofloxacin、gentamicin及sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim五種抗菌劑均有100%感受性。在分子生物學上,使用脈衝式電泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis, PFGE)及隨機擴增多型性DNA(Random Amplified polymorphic DNA, RAPD)判斷各分離株間的親緣關係,PFGE使用六種酵素,僅一個酵素PacI 可辨識一分離株S. Schwarzengrund與其同血清型分離株間的不同,其他的酵素均無法區分出同血清型各分離株的不同,於是使用RAPD做為輔助工具,但分型效果仍不佳,在使用五種引子時,僅分離株S. Schwarzengrund使用引子P1254時可分出兩種不同的圖譜,其他引子均無法分出同血清型各分離株間的相異。本調查結果指出臺灣地區市售寵物食品中存在對人可能有致病性的沙門氏菌,一般飼主在間接或直接接觸寵物食品時有暴露於病原的風險。 Salmonella-infected cats or dogs can shed the bacteria via feces which eventually causes human-salmonellosis. Several outbreaks worldwide have indicated that contact between human and dogs, cats, or pet foods may cause salmonellosis. There are no published surveys regarding Salmonella isolation from pet foods in Taiwan. In order to understand Salmonella contamination in pet foods and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates, 413 pet food samples were collected, including 276 dog food and 137 cat food. These samples included normal dry feed, prescription diet, canned feed, and treats; the origins of these samples were sorted as locally produced or imported. The Salmonella isolation rate was 2.7% (11/413) from 11 samples with a total of 13 isolates found; no significant differences existed between any categories. The isolates were serotyped and S. Schwarzengrund was identified as the most prevalent serovar (53.9%), followed by S. Enteritidis (30.8%). Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined via disk diffusion method. Ninety-three percent of the isolates were shown to have resistance to one or more antimicrobial agents, with the highest resistance rate to streptomycin (84.6%). The phylogenetic analysis was identified by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as an auxiliary tool. The isolates were indistinguishable by PFGE using six enzymes except one different S. Schwarzengrund isolate pattern. Only two different patterns of S. Schwarzengrund isolates by RAPD were found using primer P1254. The serotypes of the isolates from the pet food in Taiwan are potentially pathogenic to both humans and pets. Pets’ owners are at risk of exposure either by direct or indirect contact. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45165 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 獸醫學系 |
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