福山試驗林台灣山羌的棲地利用

Abstract

本研究以排遺計數法於1997年11月至1998年12月在北部低海拔山區福山試驗林的四種棲地類型：森林型（黃杞型）、森林溪谷型（台灣雅楠型）與開闊溪谷型（牛奶榕型）以及植物園區林緣型（森林與草地交接處）內調查山羌的棲地利用狀況。研究期間每月沿固定樣帶計數山羌排遺一次，共計數了11,928堆山羌排遺。比較各棲地類型整年月平均計數的排遺密度，林緣型與森林溪谷的排遺密度較開闊溪谷型高而與森林型無顯著差異，森林型的排遺密度與開闊溪谷型也無顯著差異。 其中，98年1、2、3、9和11月份的山羌排遺密度在棲地間有顯著差異，也是以林緣型或森林溪谷型的排遺密度高於森林型及開闊溪谷型。山羌排遺分布與棲地以及植物組成之覆蓋度的關係只有在8月和11月時，山羌的排遺密度受到植物組成類型的影響。在8月時山羌的排遺分布與懸鉤子類植物的覆蓋度有正相關，然而各棲地間的排遺分布無顯著差異；11月時灌叢的覆蓋度也與山羌的排遺分布有正相關，但是爬藤類植物的覆蓋度則與山羌的排遺分布呈負相關。

I used pellet-group counts to assess habitat use of wild Formosan Reeves’ muntjacs (Muntiacus reevesi micrurus) at Fu-Shan Experimental Forest in Northern Taiwan. The density of muntjac pellet groups along transects in four major vegetation types, i.e. forest habitats (dominated by Engelhardtia roxburghiana), forest creek (dominated by Phoebe formosana), open creek, and forest edge, were surveyed once every month between November 1997 and December 1998. During study period, a total of 11,928 pellet groups were recorded. Mean monthly pellet group density was higher along transects of the forest edge and forest creek habitats than that of forest and opened creek habitats. There is no significant different in monthly pellet group density between forest and opened creek habitats. Specifically, monthly pellet group density along transects of forest edge and forest creek habitats was higher in January, February, March, September, and November in 1998. Habitat use of muntjac, as was reflected by the monthly pellet group density was positively correlated to bramble in August and with shrub complex in November, but negatively correlated with vine in November.