高分子聚醚多胺衍生物之界面性質與抗菌機制探討

Abstract

在過去十年期間,抗菌材料發展受到很大的重視，其中以四級胺鹽被廣泛使用。本篇論文是利用本實驗室發明之高分子聚醚多胺 (polyamine)衍生物進行抗菌機制深討。首先分別利用poly(oxypropylene)-diamine 和triamine (POP-amine)與2,2-Bis[4-(glycidyloxy)phenyl]propane (DGEBA)進行偶合反應，製備出D400-terminating epoxy oligomers (DEO) and T403-terminating epoxy oligomers (TEO) 二種高分子聚醚多胺，高分子聚醚多胺擁有6個可酸化的胺基，利用鹽酸酸化不同比例1/6、3/6、6/6 (H+/amine equiv) 後，得到具有不同親疏水性的四級胺鹽。此論文中，我們利用表面張力儀得知親疏水性及界面活性劑的特性，並利用粒徑分析儀及穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察微胞的大小，發現酸化比例愈高時，微胞愈小。另外，對不同酸化比例的四級胺鹽進行抗菌測試，結果得知，當酸化比例愈高時，抗菌效果愈差。此外，利用掃描式電子顯微鏡去觀察四級胺鹽對大腸桿菌 (E. coli ) 及金黃色葡萄球菌 (S. aureus) 形態上的變化。綜合以上結果，可以推測抗菌機制與微胞大小有關，微胞大小則影響到接觸到細菌表面的局部濃度有關。此外，將我們合成的四級胺鹽與一般常用的抗菌劑比較，將具有調控親疏水性的功能及較好的抗菌效果。

Oligomeric amines were synthesized from the coupling reaction of poly(oxypropylene)-diamine and triamine (POP-amine) with 2,2-Bis[4-(glycidyloxy)phenyl]propane (DGEBA). Various equivalent amounts of acidification with hydrogen chloride at the acidified ratio of H+/amine equiv ratios rendered the oligomers with specific amphiphilic aggregations in water and antibacterial activity. The polyamine salts behave as a surfactant and exhibit the capability of surface tension until 47 mN/m at 0.01 wt %. Laser particle size analyzer and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) results that polyamine salts at different acid ratios have the different micelle sizes, and further provide a large concentration on bacteria. The oligomers exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) at the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 1 μg/mL. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that polyamine salts confirmed morphological changes and the treated bacteria were damaged. Comparisons between poly(oxypropylene)- and poly(oxyethylene)-backbones for the oligomers had correlated the antibacterial properties that closely related to the different sizes of the micelle formation and the polyvalent ionic sites when interacting with bacteria. A comparison of the commercial product quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) ABLUMINE 1214, the polyamine salts displayed potent antibacterial activity.