實施募兵制後對我國全民防衛動員影響之研究

Abstract

不實施徵兵對我國來說，可謂是國防上一重大變革。自民國104年1月1日起，我國全面不實施徵兵後，國家安全各層面將面臨如何的挑戰？是一項非常嚴肅的課題。對為維護國家安全與全民福祉的「全民防衛動員」會有何影響？值得研究與探討。 本論文論述重點，分別從歷史階段的演變、法令依據、機制之現況與運作程序等各方面說明並評估目前我國全民防衛動員作法。研究的方法採用文獻分析法，藉著文獻的蒐集，期能透過資料的整理、歸納、分析，針對不實施徵兵制後在我國國家安全與國防層面、經濟層面、社會層面對全民防衛動員影響及挑戰，藉以發現實際的問題所在，擬議可能解決的方策，以謀求因應之道。最後結論強調，應將「全民國防」的共識延伸，結合軍事戰略構想與指導的具體作為，轉化到以「全民防衛動員準備」的機制，依據相關法規，透過行政機關的運作，將全國人力、物力、財力及精神力有效整合，平時用來協力災害救援，戰時則運用行政及軍事動員，整合所有力量，支援軍事作戰。

The transformation to a Non-Conscription Force is significant for Taiwan’s defense. As of January 1, 2015, all members of the ROC armed forces are volunteers. How will the new transformed defense and security system face and tackle challenges? “All-out defense mobilization” is a critical mechanism that protects the country and its people. How will the transformation influence “all-out defense mobilization”? These are important questions that we should research on. This dissertation introduces the history, legal framework, the current system, its functions and operations, as well as an assessment of the present approach for all-out defense mobilization. The methodology for the paper is literature review. By collecting and reviewing literature, the paper expects to integrate, induce and analyze the influences of a Non-Conscription Force on Taiwan’s national security, defense affairs, social affairs, and economic affairs. This dissertation attempts to discover problems and draft solutions. It concludes that the concept of “all out defense” should be extended to integrate military strategic concepts and guidance. The new mechanism will coordinate with all government departments to integrate human resource, material resources, and financial resources and enhance intangible capabilities. In peacetime, the system contributes to disaster relief, while at war the system contributes to administrative mobilization and military mobilization to integrate all resources to support military operations.