K 頻段調頻連續波雷達系統之壓控振盪器設計

Abstract

本論文利用0.18微米互補性金屬氧化物半導體(CMOS)製程，提三個24GHz微波壓控振盪器應用在K頻段之調頻連續波(FMCW)雷達系統。電路設計方面，三個壓控振盪器皆包含兩個調頻機制，其一為粗調機制，具有較大調頻範圍，用來修正震盪頻率並可與鎖相迴路結合，另一為微調機制，設計較小的調頻範圍，以符合系統調頻之應用。在第三章中，第一個壓控振盪器採用二倍頻訊號輸出，並與後端四級放大器結合，以提供足夠的本地訊號輸出功率給後端混頻器使用；第二個壓控振盪器則為基頻震盪器，並包含一溫度補償之偏壓電路，降低壓控振盪器之震盪頻率隨溫度變異的程度。最後，利用雜訊匹配技巧，提出一低相位雜訊震盪器。被動元件方面，使用互補式金屬圖案所構成合成傳輸線(CCS TL)、MOM電容、MOS 可變電容。

This thesis presents a 24 GHz microwave voltage control oscillator for K-band Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) Radar System which is realized in 0.18 um CMOS process. At circuit design level, three VCOs have two control voltages for tuning frequency. One is coarse control, which has larger tuning region for revising oscillating frequency. Another is fine control, which has smaller tuning region for frequency modulation of FMCW radar. In chapter 3, A second harmonic VCO including four stage amplifier provides sufficient LO signal for mixer. Secondary, a fundamental VCO including temperature compensated bias circuit reduces the variation of the oscillating frequency with temperature. Finally, a low phase noise VCO by noise matching design is presented. Complementary-conducting-strips (CCS) transmission line, Metal-oxcide-metal capacitors and MOS varactors are used as passive components.